“…These datasets support government agencies, private sector organizations, scientists, educators, and others seeking an improved understanding of cropland spatiotemporal variations and make informed decisions on farming and conservation practices [2,3]. Applications include, but are not limited to, crop yield estimation and prediction [1], natural hazard (e.g., floods and droughts) impact assessment on agricultural commodities [4][5][6], and nonpoint source pollution quantification and mitigation [5,6]. For the latter, hydrological watershed models, in particular the annualized agricultural non-point source (AnnAGNPS) [7,8] and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) [9,10], rely heavily on spatiotemporal crop type information to characterize agricultural watershed and best represent existing conditions of land use and farming practices.…”