Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor-α-induced cell death of neuronally differentiated PC-12 cells

Soeda, Shinji; Ochiai, Takashi; Paopong, Loungratana; Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Shoyama, Yukihiro; Shimeno, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01357-1

Cited by 157 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…The pathobiological effects of astrocytic Syncytin-1 overexpression on oligodendrocyte viability were ameliorated by concurrent treatment with crocin. Crocin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in several model systems, possibly through suppression of free radical production (50)(51)(52). More recently, crocin has been reported to suppress microglial activation (53) and ER stress (54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crocin is the active ingredient in saffron, a natural spice commonly used in northern Indian and Persian cooking (65), and has been shown to prevent TNF-a-induced cell death of neuronally differentiated PC-12 cells (50). Crocin also diminishes free radical-induced stress, evidenced by the suppression of NO and malondialdehyde, in the brain after cerebral ischemia (52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crocin might attenuate activation of T cells and microglial within the CNS during EAE. In addition, with crocin's documented anti-inflammatory effects (50,51), it might also modulate blood-brain barrier permeability, possibly through suppression of inflammation-induced cell adhesion molecules on brain endothelia such as ICAM2, VCAM, or one of the integrins (44,52). Crocin also ameliorated the EAE disease profile with a concurrent decrease in maximum and cumulative scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Coregulated by Crocin To Prevent Demyelination and Neurodegeneration

Deslauriers

Afkhami-Goli

Paul

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

112

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a homeostatic mechanism, which is used by cells to adapt to intercellular and intracellular changes. Moreover, ER stress is closely linked to inflammatory pathways. We hypothesized that ER stress is an integral component of neuroinflammation and contributes to the development of neurological diseases. In autopsied brain specimens from multiple sclerosis (MS) and non-MS patients, XBP-1 spliced variant (XBP-1/s) was increased in MS brains (p < 0.05) and was correlated with the expression of the human endogenous retrovirus-W envelope transcript, which encodes the glycoprotein, Syncytin-1 (p < 0.05). In primary human fetal astrocytes transfected with a Syncytin-1–expressing plasmid, XBP-1/s, BiP, and NOS2 were induced, which was suppressed by crocin treatment (p < 0.05). Crocin also protected oligodendrocytes exposed to cytotoxic supernatants derived from Syncytin-1–expressing astrocytes (p < 0.05) and NO-mediated oligodendrocytotoxicity (p < 0.05). During experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the transcript levels of the ER stress genes XBP-1/s, BiP, PERK, and CHOP were increased in diseased spinal cords compared with healthy littermates (p < 0.05), although CHOP expression was not involved in the EAE disease phenotype. Daily treatment with crocin starting on day 7 post-EAE induction suppressed ER stress and inflammatory gene expression in spinal cords (p < 0.05), which was accompanied by preserved myelination and axonal density, together with reduced T cell infiltration and macrophage activation. EAE-associated neurobehavioral deficits were also ameliorated by crocin treatment (p < 0.05). These findings underscored the convergent roles of pathogenic ER stress and immune pathways in neuroinflammatory disease and point to potential therapeutic applications for crocin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Coregulated by Crocin To Prevent Demyelination and Neurodegeneration

Deslauriers

Afkhami-Goli

Paul

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

112

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“…The modifying effects of saffron and its carotenoids on antioxidant enzymatic activities have also been shown in other experimental models (Premkumar et al, 2001;Premkumar et al, 2003;Shen and Qian, 2006). Moreover, crocin and other carotenoids from saffron prevent the death of rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells, apoptotic morphological changes, and DNA fragmentation induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and serum=glucose deprivation by its antioxidant effects and increasing GSH synthesis (Soeda et al, 2001;Ochiai et al, 2004aOchiai et al, , 2004bOchiai et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Effect Of Saffron and Crocin On Mms-induced Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Hosseinzadeh

Abootorabi

Sadeghnia

2008

DNA and Cell Biology

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This study was designed to examine the effect of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus stigmas (CSE) and crocin (trans-crocin 4) on methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced DNA damage in multiple mice organs using comet assay. Adult male NMRI mice in different groups were treated with either physiological saline (10 mL=Kg, intraperitoneal [ip]), CSE (80 mg=Kg, ip), crocin (400 mg=Kg, ip), MMS (120 mg=Kg, ip), and CSE (5, 20, and 80 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration or crocin (50, 200, and 400 mg=Kg, ip) 45 min prior to MMS administration. Mice were scarified about 3 h after each different treatment, and the alkaline comet assay was used to evaluate the effect of these compounds on DNA damage in different mice organs. The percent of DNA in the comet tail (% tail DNA) was measured. A significant increase in the % tail DNA was seen in nuclei of different organs of MMS-treated mice. In control groups, no significant difference was found in the % tail DNA between CSE-or crocin-pretreated and saline-pretreated mice. The MMS-induced DNA damage in CSEpretreated mice (80 mg=Kg) was decreased between 2.67-fold (kidney) and 4.48-fold (lung) compared to those of MMS-treated animals alone ( p < 0.001). This suppression of DNA damage by CSE was found to be depended on the dose, which pretreatment with CSE (5 mg=Kg) only reduced DNA damage by 6.97%, 6.57%, 7.27%, and 9.90% in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen, respectively ( p > 0.05 as compared with MMS-treated group). In the same way, crocin also significantly decreased DNA damage by MMS (between 4.69-fold for liver and 6.55-fold for spleen, 400 mg=Kg), in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that there is a genoprotective property in CSE and crocin, as revealed by the comet assay, in vivo.

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“…Glycyrrhizin has been reported to have antiviral activity against SARS-associated coronavirus [4]. Crocin inhibits the cell growth of cancer cells [3,6,21]. Phytoestrogens are steroid-like plant compounds which may act as precursors to sex hormones [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Effects of Chinese Pangolin and Wild Pink Medicines on the Mammary Gland Development in Immature Mice

Bayin

Matsumoto

Islam

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The effects of the mixture of crude aqueous extracts from Chinese pangolin and wild pink (C+P), traditional Chinese medicine, on the proliferation and differentiation of mammary gland epithelium in intact and ovariectomized immature mice were investigated by light and electron microscopy and BrdU immunohistochemistry. Although there were no significant differences in mammary gland fat pad and parenchyma areas between the intact experimental groups, the numbers of duct branchings and buds were significantly larger in the C+W treated mice than in the control mice. The ratio of BrdU immunopositive cells to total epithelial cells was higher in C+W treated intact mice. Ultrastructurally, epithelial cells of the mammary buds and ducts possessed an oval and lucent nucleus, and ribosomes increased in number or developed to a greater degree in C+W treated intact mice than in the control mice. Conversely, there were no significant differences in any measurements of mammary gland between the experimental groups of ovariectomized mice. BrdU immunoreactive cells were never seen and the ultrastructure of mammary epihelial cells indicated the inactive cell phase in both ovariectomied mice. In comparison between the intact and overiectomized mice, the mammary fat pad area was larger in the ovariectomized mice than in the intact mice, although another four measurements were larger in the intact groups. These observations suggest that administration with C+W could promote the development of mammary glands via ovary in immature mice. The mammary gland is one of the unique organ systems in mammals. The growth and differentiation of the mammary gland takes place in postnatal period and completes its morphology [5]. It is well known that various hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and prolactin regulate mammary gland development [9,16,23]. In a previous study, we observed mammary ducts with numerous branches and well-developed buds, and many epithelial cells possessed an oval and lucent nucleus, numerous mitochondria and ribosomes, well-developed rER and Golgi apparatus in ovariectomized mice administered 17- estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) [12,13].Although infectious diseases and epidemics have been dealt with comparatively easily through the development of various new medicines, traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have been utilized as therapeutic drugs for patients with diminished health and chronic conditions that have proven difficult to treat using Western medicine [22]. These include hypertension and diabetes as the lifestyle-related diseases, allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, and psychosomatic illnesses and stress diseases. Based on improving the self-power of healing to fix poor health conditions, TCM are used, not only in the treatment of the ailments, but also in balancing the entire human body. Therefore, TCM utilize combinations of plant-, animal-, and mineral-derived herbal medicines [22,25]. TCM alleviate health condition symptoms through the interaction of many known and unknown elements....

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Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor-α-induced cell death of neuronally differentiated PC-12 cells

Cited by 157 publications

References 0 publications

Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Coregulated by Crocin To Prevent Demyelination and Neurodegeneration

Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Coregulated by Crocin To Prevent Demyelination and Neurodegeneration

Protective Effect of Crocus sativus Stigma Extract and Crocin (trans-crocin 4) on Methyl Methanesulfonate–Induced DNA Damage in Mice Organs

Promoting Effects of Chinese Pangolin and Wild Pink Medicines on the Mammary Gland Development in Immature Mice

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