Crocetin protects ultraviolet A-induced oxidative stress and cell death in skin in vitro and in vivo

VGF nerve growth factor inducible (VGF) is a neuropeptide induced by nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. This peptide is involved in synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and neurite growth in the brain. Patients with depression and bipolar disorder have lower-than-normal levels of VGF, whereas patients with schizophrenia and other cohorts of patients with depression have higher-than-normal levels. VGF knockout mice display behavioral abnormalities such as higher depressive behavior and memory dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether upregulation of VGF affects brain function. In the present study, we generated mice that overexpress VGF and investigated several behavioral phenotypes and the brain structure. These adult VGF-overexpressing mice showed (a) hyperactivity, working memory impairment, a higher depressive state, and lower sociality compared with wild-type mice; (b) lower brain weight without a change in body weight; (c) increased lateral ventricle volume compared with wild-type mice; and (d) striatal morphological defects. These results suggest that VGF may modulate a variety of behaviors and brain development. This transgenic mouse line may provide a useful model for research on mental illnesses.

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“…Apoptosis did occur in the positive control for apoptosis (NB-1RGB cells treated with UV-A [10 J/cm²] irradiation) (Supplementary Fig. 2) 32 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral abnormalities with disruption of brain structure in mice overexpressing VGF

Mizoguchi

Minakuchi

Ishisaka

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Crocetin is a natural apocartenoid dicarboxylic acid that is found in the crocus ower and in Gardenia jasminoides. Crocetin has various effects, acting as an antioxidant [34] and anti-in ammatory [35], and can inhibit the caspase pathway, preventing retinal damage induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) [36]. These results suggest that these three food-derived compounds, used as a dietary supplement, might help reduce RGC degeneration in retinal disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation in Patients with Cataract and Glaucoma

Himori¹,

Yanagimachi

Omodaka

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Oxidative stress may be a key risk factor for cataract and glaucoma, and many previous reports have suggested that antioxidants could be a promising treatment. Here, we investigated the effects of a novel supplement containing three food-derived antioxidants (hesperidin, crocetin, and tamarindus indica) on markers of oxidative stress in patients with these conditions. Methods: This study had a prospective, single arm design. Fifty Japanese subjects with cataract and glaucoma were recruited and asked to refrain from the use of vitamin or carotenoid supplements for 2 weeks before the study. The subjects took 4 tablets together with ample water twice a day for 8 weeks, stopped the treatment, and were then followed for an additional 8 weeks. The subjects were examined at four-week intervals, for a total of 5 examinations. We measured biological antioxidant potential (BAP) with a free radical analyzer. Clinical laboratory data, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured in venous blood samples. Clinical parameters were also recorded. The Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the significance of differences between groups. Other comparisons used a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Student’s t-test or Dunnett’s test.Results: BAP was significantly elevated at weeks 8, 12, and 16 (P = 0.007, P = 0.035, P = 0.015). The MDA level was significantly reduced at week 8 (P = 0.019). BAP changes were recorded by subtracting the value at week 8 from week 0. Multiple regression analysis revealed that SOD, total bilirubin and diabetes were independent contributing factors to the change in BAP (P = 0.039, P = 0.019, P = 0.013). There were no supplement-related adverse events or abnormal results in blood testing in any of the patients.Conclusion: Our study found that an 8-week oral course of antioxidant supplementation was effective in patients with a low antioxidative stress level. Dietary supplementation holds promise in the treatment of systemic oxidative stress-related diseases.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR UMIN 000032050

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“…Previous studies showed that crocetin exerted beneficial effects on tissue regeneration by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting cellular apoptosis, and attenuating inflammatory response [ 24 – 26 ]. Recently, a study further investigated that crocetin protected ultraviolet A radiation-induced skin damage by reducing oxygen species production and cellular apoptosis [ 27 ]. Similar with these studies, we observed that crocetin inhibited oxidative stress, the occurrence of apoptosis, and inflammation in irradiated IEC-6 cells, suggesting crocetin could attenuate intestinal toxicity induced by radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Crocetin against Radiation-Induced Injury in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Background and Aims. Treatment options for radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) are limited. Crocetin has been demonstrated to exert antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects on various diseases. Here, we investigate the effects of crocetin on RIII in vitro. Materials and Method. IEC-6 cells exposed to 10 Gy of radiation were treated with different doses of crocetin (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM), and cell viability was assessed by CCK-8. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in culture supernatants were measured using colorimetric and ELISA kits, respectively. Cellular apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V/PI double staining. Results. Crocetin dose-dependently improved the survival of irradiated IEC-6 cells with the optimal dose of 10 μM, as indicated by the reduction of cellular apoptosis, decreased levels of MDA, MPO, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ), and increased activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx). Conclusion. Our findings demonstrated that crocetin alleviated radiation-induced injury in intestinal epithelial cells, offering a promising agent for radioprotection.

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Crocetin protects ultraviolet A-induced oxidative stress and cell death in skin in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Behavioral abnormalities with disruption of brain structure in mice overexpressing VGF

Behavioral abnormalities with disruption of brain structure in mice overexpressing VGF

The Effect of Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation in Patients with Cataract and Glaucoma

Protective Effects of Crocetin against Radiation-Induced Injury in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

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