CRModel: A general collisional radiative modeling code

Hartgers, A.; Dijk, Jan van; Jonkers, J Jeroen; Mullen, J.J.A.M. van der

doi:10.1016/s0010-4655(00)00231-9

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A CRM relates the densities of excited states to those of atomic and ionic ground states. The atomic CRM requires four input parameters to calculate the mass balance for all excited states [32], namely, T e , n e , the gas temperature T gas , and the ground state density of atomic hydrogen n 1 . These parameters are derived from experiments conducted on the magnetized hydrogen plasma.…”

Section: Atomic Collisional Radiative Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population inversion in a magnetized hydrogen plasma expansion as a consequence of the molecular mutual neutralization process

et al. 2011

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A weakly magnetized expanding hydrogen plasma, created by a cascaded arc, was investigated using optical emission spectroscopy. The emission of the expanding plasma is dominated by H α emission in the first part of the plasma expansion, after which a sharp transition to a blue afterglow is observed. The position of this sharp transition along the expansion axis depends on the magnetic field strength. The blue afterglow emission is associated with population inversion of the electronically excited atomic hydrogen states n = 4 − 6 with respect to n = 3. By comparing the measured densities with the densities using an atomic collisional radiative model, we conclude that atomic recombination processes cannot account for the large population densities observed. Therefore, molecular processes must be important for the formation of excited states and for the occurrence of population inversion. This is further corroborated at the transition from red to blue, where a hollow profile of the excited states n = 4 − 6 in the radial direction is observed. This hollow profile is explained by the molecular mutual neutralization process of H 2 + with H − , which has a maximum production for excited atomic hydrogen 1 − 2 cm outside the plasma center.

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Section: Atomic Collisional Radiative Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population inversion in a magnetized hydrogen plasma expansion as a consequence of the molecular mutual neutralization process

et al. 2011

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“…However, given the very large number of possible different ionization configurations, and/or the need for a comprehensive treatment of further effects, such as inner-shell excitation and autoionization, which can quickly become computationally cumbersome, empirical or semiempirical formulae, such as those in ref. [4][5][6][7], are popular for use within collisional-radiative modelling codes (for example, FLYCHK 8 and SCFLY 9 , CRETIN 10 , CRModel 11 and ABAKO 12 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of femtosecond collisional ionization rates in a solid-density aluminium plasma

et al. 2015

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The rate at which atoms and ions within a plasma are further ionized by collisions with the free electrons is a fundamental parameter that dictates the dynamics of plasma systems at intermediate and high densities. While collision rates are well known experimentally in a few dilute systems, similar measurements for nonideal plasmas at densities approaching or exceeding those of solids remain elusive. Here we describe a spectroscopic method to study collision rates in solid-density aluminium plasmas created and diagnosed using the Linac Coherent light Source free-electron X-ray laser, tuned to specific interaction pathways around the absorption edges of ionic charge states. We estimate the rate of collisional ionization in solid-density aluminium plasmas at temperatures B30 eV to be several times higher than that predicted by standard semiempirical models.

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“…Since collisional data for the iron atom is not yet known, theoretical approximations are used. These are based on the cross-sections for hydrogen atoms and alkali metals of Vriens and Smeets [18], but weighted to correct for splitting into multiple levels for non-hydrogen atoms [19], and the expressions by Drawin [20] for forbidden transitions. For the effective levels, the transition probabilities and oscillator strengths for absorption reported in [15] for 2425 allowed and 116 forbidden transitions are employed.…”

Section: Collisional-radiative Model For Iron Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%