Nanotechnology has emerged as a revolution and is one of the major research initiatives of the 21st century. Several industries are involved in nanotechnology research and invest heavily in R&D in order to create brand new products with functions never imagined before. Breakthrough technologies are expected to change the competitive landscape, across several industries, completely. As there are several scenarios analyzing the future outlook of nanotechnology, as well as how it has been developed in several countries, the aim of this chapter is to analyze nanotechnology from a sectoral innovation perspective and to advance the necessary conditions to implement it.