Critical Revision and Development Perspectives of Herbicide Residues Analysis in Agro Ecosystems

Cesio, Verónica; Niell, Silvina; Pareja, Lucia; Fernandez, G. A. V.; Geis-Asteggiante, Lucía; Böcking, Bernardo; García, C. Segura; Fernández‐Alba, Amadeo R.; Heinzen, Horacio

doi:10.5772/13615

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The values of the octanol‐water partition coefficient depend strictly on the concentration, therefore for this study the salts doses were equal to the doses used for studying the herbicidal activity. The obtained results were compared with the literature values for herbicidal acids,, and presented in Figure and ESI – Table S9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of the octanol-water partition coefficient depend strictly on the concentration, [56] therefore for this study the salts doses were equal to the doses used for studying the herbicidal activity. The obtained results were compared with the literature values for herbicidal acids, [37,[57][58][59][60] and presented in Figure 4 and ESI - Table S9. ILs 1, 3, 6 exhibit higher affinity for octanol whereas ILs 2, 4, 5 for the water phase. The highest value of octanol-water partition coefficient was measured for 6 (1.11 � 0.07) and the lowest value for 5 (À 1.38 � 0.06).…”

Section: Octanol-water Partition Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

et al. 2019

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This study presents a new group of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) based on a cation occurs commonly in nature−acetylcholine. The HILs were obtained with a high yield through ion exchange between acetylcholine chloride and potassium or sodium salts of selected acids with herbicidal activity. The results of the herbicidal activity measurement against common oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) exceeded those of the commercial products. Spray solutions of the synthesized HILs revealed high surface activity and wetting properties which further manifested as higher herbicidal activity. The reduction of surface tension and low contact angles together with the specific action of acetylcholine allowed for better penetration of synthesized HILs into plant tissues. In addition, OECD 301F tests confirmed high mineralization of the HILs. The simple transformation of commercial herbicides into acetylcholine HILs proved to be a very effective method of increasing their activity, and constitutes an interesting solution to the problem of weed infestation with the use of a substance commonly found in nature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Octanol-water Partition Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation

et al. 2019

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“…Herbicides are a subset of pesticides that kill or control weeds and pathogens that compete with valuable crop plants for soil, water, air, and nutrients [2]. Currently, herbicides represent over 70% of agrochemical imports worldwide and there are indications that they would continue to be the most employed agrochemicals [3]. Extensive use of herbicides, however, poses some far-reaching consequences because of the potential runoff and leaching of particularly the poorly degradable ones through the soil leading to contamination of surface and groundwater [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Natural Attenuation, Organic Amendments and Metal Toxicants on 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Dissipation Dynamics in Soil

2015

IJSR

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The dissipation dynamics of the herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), in soil was studied under the influence of natural attenuation (NA), poultry manure (PM), swine manure (SM), urea (UR), and metal toxicants (Cd, Pb) in a laboratory microcosm. A sandy clay soil was characterized and used for the study. The effects of variables such as initial 2,4-D concentration (0-500 mg/kg), level of amendment (0-30 %w/w), amendment blends (binary and ternary), Cd/Pb loadings (0-200 mg/kg) and incubation time (0-30 days) on 2,4-D dissipation were investigated. In all the experiments, residual 2,4-D was recovered by solvent extraction, followed by reaction with chromotropic acid reagent for color development and assayed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at λ max 565 nm. 2,4-D naturally attenuated in soil, however, addition of PM, SM or UR did enhance the extent and rate of degradation. Relative to NA, the degrading efficiencies, DE (%) of the amendments increased with increase in incubation time and level of amendment, but did not necessarily depend on initial 2,4-D concentration. Pseudo-first-order degradation constants (x10-2 /day) decreased with herbicide load and increased with amendment level; with corresponding half-lives (day) decreasing and increasing, respectively. DE values indicated that apart from the binary PM + SM amendment blend, the single amendments (especially PM and UR) were more effective at 2,4-D degradation in soil. The extent of 2,4-D degradation was reduced at increasing Cd and Pb loads, furnishing relatively low DE's (< 50%) for the amendments but more so in the presence of Cd).

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