Critical review on fly‐ash based geopolymer concrete

Abstract

Due to enormous growth in industrial development, the consumption of cement is substantially increased in the recent times and the cement manufacturing industry produces annually about 1.35 billion tons of the greenhouse gas emissions which are about 7% of the total greenhouse gas emission by man‐made to the atmosphere. At the same time, the thermal power plants have been generating huge quantity of fly‐ash, which is not being recycled properly. This creates huge burden on solid waste management. Hence, to minimize the emission of CO2 from cement industry and to increase the utilization of fly‐ash, a geopolymer technology is one of the viable solutions. In terms of global warming, the geopolymer technology‐based fly‐ash activated by an alkaline activators not only have potential to significantly reduce carbon footprint of ordinary portland cement concrete, but also shows considerable promise for applications in concrete industry as an alternative binder to the Portland cement. This paper provides a brief status of fly‐ash based geopolymer paste and concrete, encapsulates, and analyses critically the most significant research findings on various properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) over the past two decades. Also, it identifies the important factors to be considered in improving the performance of GPC at elevated temperatures as well as at ambient temperatures. Collation and analysis of more than 100 research papers in this area may provide a valuable stating document for further research.

Geopolymer Concrete Compressive Strength via Artificial Neural Network, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Interface System, and Gene Expression Programming With K-Fold Cross Validation

“…From the last 20 years, in the construction industry, the use of fly ash-dependent geopolymer concrete is increasing rapidly because it lessens the depletion of cement in geopolymer concrete (GPC) (Gülşan et al, 2019;Kondepudi and Subramaniam, 2019;Xie et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2020a;Bajpai et al, 2020;Meesala et al, 2020;Noushini et al, 2020;Nuaklong et al, 2020). Because of the anomalous behavior of FA, its application in the construction industry is still limited (Jena et al, 2019;Nguyen et al, 2020;Sandanayake et al, 2020).…”

Influence of various factors on properties of geopolymer paste: A comparative study

“…The investigations for finding alternatives to cement due to economic and environmental reasons have gained momentum in recent years. Geopolymer binders obtained from alkali activation of natural and waste pozzolans have been extensively discussed and supported as the current and future keystone of sustainable cement binder systems 12–24 . Geopolymers can be produced from many aluminosilicate raw materials that are different in their availability, reactivity, cost, and amount worldwide 25 .…”

Influence of nano SiO2 and nano CaCO3 particles on strength, workability, and microstructural properties of fly ash‐based geopolymer

“…One tone of Portland cement production results in approximately one ton of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Cement industry contributes about 8% of global CO 2 emission in the world 8–16 …”