Critical review of guidelines against a systematic framework with regard to consistency on allocation procedures for recycling in LCA

Schrijvers, Dieuwertje; Loubet, Philippe; Sonnemann, Guido

doi:10.1007/s11367-016-1069-x

Cited by 74 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…by the road pavement throughout its life cycle, which is not enough to originate congestion when an 13 M&R intervention is performed. As far as the usage phase is concerned, in addition to the low traffic 14 volume, the explanation also lays on the way the pavement roughness and macrotexture impact RR and 15…”

Section: Total Pavement Life Cycle Impacts Assessment Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To accomplish the RAP processing task, a crusher unit located within the asphalt 11 plant facility is considered, which consists of (1) a diesel-powered crusher, (2) a diesel-powered mobile 12 screening plant, (3) an electrically-powered stackable conveyor and (4) a wheel loader. 13 The upstream emissions and resources consumption associated with the production of the energy 14 sources used to power the different processes, construction equipment, and on-road vehicles were also 15 included in the system boundaries. On the other hand, construction equipment, road-related safety and 16 signaling equipment (including road marking), road accessories (fences, road lighting software, etc.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the incorporation of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in 11 these mixtures may further improve their potential environmental sustainability, both by reducing the 12 consumption of virgin raw materials, and by reducing the stockpiles and landfills of milled materials. 13 Which of these sustainable practices is greener and whether combining them is promising as it sounds, 14…”

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confidence: 99%

“…7 One example of the specific engagement of research institutions and enterprises in developing and 8 delivering multi-faceted and sound solutions meant to mitigate the environmental pressure originated 9 by the sector's activities is the SUP&R ITN (Sustainable Pavement & Rail Initial Training Network) 10 research project (http://superitn.eu/wp/) (Lo Presti et al, 2017). 11 The SUP&R ITN is a training-through-research program, which through a multidisciplinary and 12 multi-sectorial network, aims (1) to form a new generation of engineers versed in sustainable 13 technologies for road pavement and railways and (2) to provide, to both academia and industry, design 14…”

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confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Life cycle assessment of low temperature asphalt mixtures for road pavement surfaces: A comparative analysis

Santos

Bressi

Cerezo³

et al. 2018

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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Section: Total Pavement Life Cycle Impacts Assessment Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Life cycle assessment of low temperature asphalt mixtures for road pavement surfaces: A comparative analysis

Santos

Bressi

Cerezo³

et al. 2018

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…We propose a new substitution method, which merges the existing methods by including the market price ratio between the recycled and the substituted primary material. Schrijvers et al (2016) critically reviewed recent guidelines against the framework developed in this paper. Further research should test the validity and the practical feasibility of the systematic framework and the market pricebased substitution method by means of case studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a systematic framework for consistent allocation in LCA

Schrijvers

Loubet

Sonnemann

2016

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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120

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Purpose Multifunctionality in life-cycle assessment (LCA) is solved with allocation, for which many different procedures are available. Lack of sufficient guidance and difficulties to identify the correct allocation approach cause a large number of combinations of methods to exist in scientific literature. This paper reviews allocation procedures for recycling situations, with the aim to identify a systematic approach to apply allocation. Methods Assumptions and definitions for the most important terms related to multifunctionality and recycling in LCA are given. The most relevant allocation procedures are identified from literature. These procedures are expressed in mathematical formulas and schemes and arranged in a systematic framework based on the underlying objectives and assumptions of the procedures. Results and discussion If the LCA goal asks for an attributional approach, multifunctionality can be solved by applying system expansion-i.e. including the co-functions in the functional unit-or partitioning. The cut-off approach is a form of partitioning, attributing all the impacts to the functional unit. If the LCA goal asks for a consequential approach, substitution is applied, for which three methods are identified: the end-oflife recycling method and the waste mining method, which are combined in the 50/50 method. We propose to merge these methods in a new formula: the market price-based substitution method. The inclusion of economic values and maintaining a strict separation between attributional and consequential LCA are considered to increase realism and consistency of the LCA method.Conclusions and perspectives We identified the most pertinent allocation procedures-for recycling as well as coproduction and energy recovery-and expressed them in mathematical formulas and schemes. Based on the underlying objectives of the allocation procedures, we positioned them in a systematic and consistent framework, relating the procedures to the LCA goal definition and an attributional or consequential approach. We identified a new substitution method that replaces the three existing methods in consequential LCA. Further research should test the validity of the systematic framework and the market price-based substitution method by means of case studies.

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Challenges and Perspectives for Direct Recycling of Electrode Scraps and End‐of‐Life Lithium‐ion Batteries

Hayagan,

Gaalich,

Loubet

et al. 2024

Batteries & Supercaps

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The growing demand and production of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have led to a critical concern regarding their resources and end‐of‐life management. Consequently, LIB recycling has emerged as a prominent topic in academia and in industries, driven by new worldwide governmental regulations and the increasing gap between the supply and demand of critical and strategic raw materials. Widely considered as a more sustainable and cheaper recycling method compared to pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, direct recycling currently grabs the spotlight. This perspective provides insights and outlooks on the chemical and technological challenges of the innovative direct recycling approach for LIBs, addressing both the production scraps and batteries at their end‐of‐life (EOL). Technological advancements, changes in battery chemistry, along with the LIB market dynamics and collaborations between battery makers and recyclers, are key drivers of LIB waste recycling. While production scraps lend themselves well to direct recycling, EOL batteries encounter challenges in adopting this novel recycling technology. Besides, the need to assess novel direct recycling processes using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is also important for identifying eco‐design strategies and optimizing the processes, leading to a more sustainable energy storage system.

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Critical review of guidelines against a systematic framework with regard to consistency on allocation procedures for recycling in LCA

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Life cycle assessment of low temperature asphalt mixtures for road pavement surfaces: A comparative analysis

Life cycle assessment of low temperature asphalt mixtures for road pavement surfaces: A comparative analysis

Developing a systematic framework for consistent allocation in LCA

Challenges and Perspectives for Direct Recycling of Electrode Scraps and End‐of‐Life Lithium‐ion Batteries

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