Critical review of complementary therapies in haemato‐oncology

Abstract

There is evidence of the increasing use of complementary and alternative medicine by Australians diagnosed with cancer. Given the increasing desire of cancer patients to use complementary and alternative medicine, it is important that clinicians have a good understanding of the evidence available in this field. This critical review aims to provide an overview of the current evidence pertaining to a range of complementary therapies that are used in a supportive role in the treatment of cancer patients. Treatment methods considered are acupuncture, music therapy, massage and touch therapies and psychological interventions. The efficacy of these complementary therapies in terms of improvement in symptoms and quality of life is examined. Evidence that relates to an effect on immune function and survival is also investigated.

Acupuncture May Stimulate Anticancer Immunity via Activation of Natural Killer Cells

“…One concern is that symptoms treated with CAM modalities are often transitory, which opens the possibility that symptomatic relief may be due to spontaneous remission rather than resulting from a CAM intervention [12–14]. A second concern is that the current procedures of disclosure may undermine informed consent and thereby compromise patient autonomy in such a way that produces negative consequences for conventional therapeutic procedures [15].…”

“…A second concern is that the current procedures of disclosure may undermine informed consent and thereby compromise patient autonomy in such a way that produces negative consequences for conventional therapeutic procedures [15]. A third and related concern is that the scientific community lacks both the scientific evidence and biomedical understanding to reasonably suppose that CAM procedures may increase either survival or disease-free survival of patients with cancer [12–14]. …”

Trick or treat? Australian newspaper portrayal of complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of cancer

“…Supported by an emerging body of evidence, these benefits underpin medical recommendations that CAM be integrated into cancer and palliative care in order to reduce the burden of disease upon the Australian community [118]. Similarly, Australian oncologists reportedly perceive that whilst CAM use intended at cure is harmful, its use to palliate symptoms is most likely to be beneficial [119].…”

Stimulation-produced analgesia: acupuncture, TENS and related techniques

“…10 • Further systemic effects comprise: anti-emesis after chemotherapy and anaesthesia, during preganancy, 11 and anxiolysis. 1…”