Critical policy capacity factors in the implementation of the community health worker program in India

Abstract

This paper employs the policy capacity framework to develop a multidimensional and nested policy analysis that is able to examine how different types of capacity—analytical, organizational, and political from different related levels of the health system—have contributed to both policy success and failure during the implementation of a politically significant national community health worker (CHW) program in India. Directed toward rural and urban marginalized populations in India, this CHW has become the world’s largest CHW program. Launched in 2006, it has targeted communitization, strengthening of the primary health-care system, and universal health-care coverage, ultimately receiving an international award in 2022. We argue that, in a context of capacity deficits and tensions between different capacity domains, the individual political capacity has been more critical to policy success and strengthening. The analysis not only clarifies the ways in which the government took some initiatives to build up capacity but also highlights capacity deficits along different competency dimensions. This approach demonstrates the value of understanding and creating awareness concerning complex poor-resource settings and low organizational capacity while concomitantly building up the capacities needed to foster (workforce and leadership) strengthening.

Measuring the Role of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAS) for upliftment of Health Services Under NHM: Myth or Reality

“…The role of health care workers is very important in building health capacity in context to health communication, so to get the better results it is important that the ASHA workers are strengthened through the training programs to improve communication skills (Srivastava and Srivastava, 2016). The ASHAs were among the six recipients of the World Health Organization Director-General's Global Health Leaders Award in May 2022 and were recognized for their outstanding contribution toward protecting and promoting health (Roy et al, 2023). Hence the present study tried to study the role of ASHAs in the improvement of health service of villagers of rural population through sub centres and also to determine the effectiveness of the plan and to create more awareness among the public about ASHA plans.…”