Critical Period for Weed Control in Alfalfa

Dillehay, Bryan L.; Curran, William S.; Mortensen, David A.

doi:10.1614/ws-d-10-00073.1

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, alfalfa is generally more competitive with weeds than winter wheat and, therefore, not as much benefit would be incurred from a ''responsive'' mechanical control measure taken in alfalfa as it would in wheat. Forage crops, such as alfalfa and grass mixes, are fairly competitive with weeds, and weed control often has little effect on yield in an established stand (Dillehay et al 2011). However, as a farm becomes more diversified (i.e., grows both grains and alfalfa), the efficacy and applicability of weed control measures is variable between crops, possibly necessitating the use of more diverse measures on different crops grown within a year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States

2016

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A lack of information regarding weed control, relative to conventional systems, has left organic growers largely on their own when devising weed management systems for organic crops. As interest in organic weed management increases, researchers need more information regarding the type and number of weed control practices undertaken on organic farms. A survey of certified organic growers was conducted in five states in the northwest United States to identify organic weed management programs and what grower and farm-operation characteristics were factors in weed management program design. Three types of weed management programs, with varying diversity in weed control practices, were identified. Stepwise binary logistic regression indicated that the likelihood of an organic grower using a more-diverse weed management program increased if the grower engaged in grain production and as the number of crops produced on an organic farm operation in 1 yr increased. The probability of operating a more-diverse weed management program also increased as a grower's education level increased. Organic hectarage operated was positively correlated with weed management program diversity, and with the adoption of cultural controls. Additionally, awareness of weeds as a factor causing yield loss was correlated with increased weed management program diversity. An increased awareness among researchers of the differing needs and abilities of organic growers in managing weeds on their farms will improve communication and outreach efforts when assisting growers with designing organic weed management programs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States

2016

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“…This study investigated the potential use of rye allelopathy to control weeds in alfalfa. Although established stands of alfalfa are fairly competitive with weeds [46], seedlings are particularly susceptible to weed competition. Weeds emerging soon after seeding could reduce alfalfa stand establishment and eventually yield [47].…”

Section: Rye Effect On Weed Suppression In Alfalfa Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic Effects of Cereal Rye on Weed Suppression and Forage Yield in Alfalfa

Adhikari¹,

Mohseni-Moghadam²,

Missaoui³

2018

AJPS

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Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) is widely used as cover crop because of its allelopathic effects and effectiveness in weed suppression. In the Southeastern US, rye is traditionally grown for winter grazing in dormant bermudagrass pastures, where alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is increasingly planted as a companion crop. The effect of cereal rye on alfalfa as a succeeding crop is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cereal rye on alfalfa seedling emergence, growth, forage yield, and weed suppression in field conditions. Rye was planted in the fall (mid-October) and the biomass was harvested in spring (March) followed by disking and incorporation of the remaining stubble in the soil. Alfalfa seed was planted four weeks later. The experiment design was a split-plot design with the main plots being no-rye and after-rye and the sub-plots being alfalfa cultivars. Ten alfalfa cultivars were planted in three replications after-rye and three replications with no-rye as a previous crop. In the establishment year, weed density was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in the after-rye alfalfa plots by nearly 77%. Alfalfa seedling counts were also significantly lower (p < 0.01) among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block compared to the no-rye, with a seedling count reduction between 35% and 64%. Reduction in total dry biomass yield varied from 15% to 43% among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block. The results of this study also suggest that the allelopathic effect of rye on alfalfa may not persist beyond the establishment season, but the enormous yield reduction in the first production season may constitute a costly economic penalty in terms of forage production. There was variation in the response of different alfalfa cultivars to the effect of rye residue as indicated by the variation in the magnitude of reduction in stand count and forage yield. This warrants more research in multi-location trials with and without rye in order to establish whether there is genetic variation in alfalfa germplasm in their tolerance to cereal rye allelopathy.

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“…Studying CPWC could help identify residual action required for preemergence herbicide, improve timing and reduce the amount of postemergence herbicide applications [ 2 ], and thus may lessen potential environmental and ecological degradation [ 7 ]. Therefore, CPWC has been the subject of extensive research in field crops for the last few decades [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Period of Weed Control in Aerobic Rice

Anwar

Juraimi

Samedani

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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Critical period of weed control is the foundation of integrated weed management and, hence, can be considered the first step to design weed control strategy. To determine critical period of weed control of aerobic rice, field trials were conducted during 2010/2011 at Universiti Putra Malaysia. A quantitative series of treatments comprising two components, (a) increasing duration of weed interference and (b) increasing length of weed-free period, were imposed. Critical period was determined through Logistic and Gompertz equations. Critical period varied between seasons; in main season, it started earlier and lasted longer, as compared to off-season. The onset of the critical period was found relatively stable between seasons, while the end was more variable. Critical period was determined as 7–49 days after seeding in off-season and 7–53 days in main season to achieve 95% of weed-free yield, and 23–40 days in off-season and 21–43 days in main season to achieve 90% of weed-free yield. Since 5% yield loss level is not practical from economic view point, a 10% yield loss may be considered excellent from economic view point. Therefore, aerobic rice should be kept weed-free during 21–43 days for better yield and higher economic return.

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Critical Period for Weed Control in Alfalfa

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States

A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States

Allelopathic Effects of Cereal Rye on Weed Suppression and Forage Yield in Alfalfa

Critical Period of Weed Control in Aerobic Rice

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