Critical metals distribution in Tethyan karst bauxite: The cretaceous Italian ores

Mongelli, Giovanni; Boni, Maria; Oggiano, Giacomo; Mameli, P; Sinisi, Rosa; Buccione, Roberto; Mondillo, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.03.017

Cited by 74 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Moreover, even though in the Vecchia Miniera deposit the Ce anomalies are less marked likely as a result of a corresponding high La and Pr enrichment, the Ce/Ce* ratio is >1. The detection in the Abruzzi bauxites of authigenic LREE-minerals, such as the REE fluoro-carbonates and florencite,that are also common to most bauxite deposits of the world [11,[34][35][36][37][38][39], evidences that REEs were partially solubilized and mobilized from their "precursor" minerals, specifically detrital monazite (or other minor REEs-bearing minerals), and re-precipitated in new supergene phases. In fact, although the analysed monazites do not show clear textural evidences of chemical weathering, recent experimental works [40] have shown that oxidizing fluids are able to produce dissolution processes, generating lanthanides (mostly LREE) remobilization and favouring their subsequent uptaking in secondary phases.…”

Section: Genetic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition of the bauxites in the Abruzzi district has been compared with other bauxites from the major districts of the circum-Mediterranean area: Spinazzola (Apulia) [42], Salento and Gargano (Apulia) [11,57], Nurra (Sardinia) [44], Matese Mts. and Caserta districts (Campania) [8,10], Bolkardagi (Turkey) [58], Mortas (Turkey) [59] and the Parnassos-Ghiona district (Greece) [60].…”

Section: Comparison With Other Bauxite Deposits Of the Tethyan Realmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main bauxite horizons in Central and Southern Apennines are Aptian to Turonian in age, and prevailingly boehmitic [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Despite their low economic value, these bauxites can be considered as a model analogue for other, far more economic karst bauxite deposits in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical Characterization of Bauxite Deposits from the Abruzzi Mining District (Italy)

Putzolu¹,

Papa²,

Mondillo³

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Abstract:The Abruzzi bauxite district includes the deposits located on the Campo Felice plateau and those of the Monti d'Ocre, which had been mined in the first part of the 20th century. Bauxite is of the karst type, with textures ranging between oolitic and oolitic-conglomeratic, the latter suggesting a partial reworking of evolved lateritic soils. The high contents of Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 (average values 53.76 and 21.76 wt %, respectively) are associated with the presence of boehmite, hematite, and minor goethite. SiO 2 and TiO 2 have average values of 7.79 and 2.75 wt %, corresponding to the presence of kaolinite, anatase and rutile. Among the minor so-called "bauxitophile" elements V, Co, Ni, Cr and Zr, the most enriched is Cr, with an average value of 0.07 wt %. Nickel has an average value of 210.83 ppm. Vanadium shows an average value of 266.57 ppm, whereas the average Co concentration is 35.89 ppm. The total rare earth elements (REE) concentration in the sampled bauxite sites is variable between ca. 700 and 550 ppm. Among REEs, the most abundant element is Ce, with Ce anomalies commonly associated with authigenic REE-fluoro-carbonates, probably produced after the REEs remobilization from primary detrital minerals and their precipitation in neo-formed phases during the bauxitization process. Scandium and Ga occur in small amounts (57 and 60 ppm, respectively), but geochemical proxies of their remobilization and uptake in neo-formed minerals (Feand Al-(hydr)oxides, respectively) have been observed. The mean Eu/Eu* and Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 ratios and the Ni-Cr contents of the Abruzzi bauxites suggest that the parent rock of these deposits was a material of acid affinity, likely corresponding to volcanic tephra or eolic loess-type sands.

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Section: Genetic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Other Bauxite Deposits Of the Tethyan Realmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical Characterization of Bauxite Deposits from the Abruzzi Mining District (Italy)

Putzolu¹,

Papa²,

Mondillo³

et al. 2018

Minerals

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“…However, REE fractionations and redistributions have been reported from various bauxite deposits due to evolution of geochemical systems in various mechanisms and conditions such as mobilization of REE, supergene processes, surficial weathering, diagenetic processes, presence of REEbearing mineral phases, pH of solutions and/or depositional environment, and existence of organic and/or non-organic complexing ligands (Mondillo et al, 2011;Abedini and Calagari, 2013;Mongelli et al, 2014Mongelli et al, , 2016Mongelli et al, , 2017Liu et al, 2016;Buccione et al, 2016;Hou et al, 2017;Khosravi et al, 2017;Long et al, 2017;Radusinovic et al, 2017;Torró et al, 2017;Yuste et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2018). Generally, these Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ree mobility and tetrad effects in bauxites an example from the Kanisheeteh deposit, NW Iran

Abedini¹

2019

Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia

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The Kanisheeteh bauxite deposit (NW Iran) is located on the Irano-Himalaya karst bauxite belt and was developed as stratiform horizon along the contact of the Permian and Triassic Formations. Based on absolute weathering index (AWI), HREE were leached out, whereas LREE suffered both leaching and fixation during bauxitization. The non-CHARAC characteristic of Y/Ho ratios can be attributed to geochemically known phenomenon as the "tetrad effect". The simultaneous convex and concave curves of the tetrad effect were observed in the chondritenormalized REE patterns of the bauxite ores. The correlation between the sizes of T 4 and AWI% values revealed two separate populations. The first one is characterized by a wide variation in sizes of T 4 and very narrow AWI% values, and is thought to be related to acidic zone of the profile. In contrast, the second one is marked by a narrow variation in sizes of T 4 and wide variation in AWI% values, and is conceived to be affiliated to alkaline zone of the profile. In this research, the tetrad effect proved to be capable of clarifying the geochemical characteristics of the deposit and can be applied as a good geochemical index to investigate the prevailed paleoconditions of depositional environments.

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“…Previous studies have shown that the bauxite deposits of the world are scattered around the northern Mediterranean coast, Caribbean basin, East-Asia, Irano-Himalaya, North America, southwest Pacific, and finally Urals-Siberia-Central Asia belts (Bardossy, 1982;Bardossy and Aleva, 1990). In recent years, many studies worldwide have been conducted by researchers to investigate the REE geochemistry of bauxite deposits (Ling et al, 2013;Mongelli et al, 2014;Peh and Kovacevic Galovic, 2014;Liu et al, 2016;Mongelli et al, 2016;Gamaletsos et al, 2017;Hou et al, 2017;Long et al, 2017;Mongelli et al, 2017;Torró et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2018;Ling et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

REE Tetrad Effect as a Powerful Indicator of Formation Conditions of Karst Bauxites: A Case Study of the Shahindezh Deposit, NW Iran

Abedini

Azizi

Calagari

2019

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Study of the concentration of major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) in the Shahindezh karst bauxite deposit, northwestern Iran clarifies the relationship of the tetrad effect with geochemical parameters in the bauxite ores. The existence of irregular curves in the chondrite‐normalized REE patterns as well as non‐CHARAC behavior of geochemically isovalent pairs (Y/Ho) are related to the tetrad effect. The meaningful positive correlation between the sizes of the calculated T3 tetrad effect and some geochemical factors such as Y/Ho, ΣREE, La/Y, (La/Yb)N, and (LREE/HREE)N as well as some major oxides‐based parameters like Al2O3 + LOI/SiO2 + Fe2O3, Al2O3/Fe2O3, Al2O3 + LOI, IOL, and SiO2 + Fe2O3 indicate that the studied bauxite horizon was likely deposited by different (acidic and/or alkalic) solutions at different stages. The lower part of the studied horizon with a thickness of ∼4.7 m displays alkali characteristics whereas the upper parts of the horizon with a thickness of ∼5.3 m are characterized by more acidic conditions. These results are fully supported by the co‐occurrence of convex‐concave tetrad effect curves in the chondrite‐normalized REE patterns. Therefore, the tetrad effect phenomenon used in this study has proved to be a good and reliable geochemical proxy to assess the conditions of the depositional environment in the Shahindezh bauxite ores.

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Critical metals distribution in Tethyan karst bauxite: The cretaceous Italian ores

Cited by 74 publications

References 42 publications

Geochemical Characterization of Bauxite Deposits from the Abruzzi Mining District (Italy)

Geochemical Characterization of Bauxite Deposits from the Abruzzi Mining District (Italy)

Ree mobility and tetrad effects in bauxites an example from the Kanisheeteh deposit, NW Iran

REE Tetrad Effect as a Powerful Indicator of Formation Conditions of Karst Bauxites: A Case Study of the Shahindezh Deposit, NW Iran

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