Critical media attributes in E-beam sterilization of corneal tissue

Sharifi, Roholah; Sharifi, Hannah; Akbari, Ali; Lei, Fengyang; Dohlman, Claes H.; González‐Andrades, Miguel; Guild, Curtis; Paschalis, Eleftherios I.; Chodosh, James

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.033

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…If the E-beam irradiates the collagen of APC, some of the collagen might be cross-linked to form -S-S-bond, -S-bond, and -C-C-bond, if the protein chains are close enough. 21 Otherwise, it may result in hydrolysis of the protein backbone or degradation of amino acid side chains. 42 The ultrastructure of collagen fibers (Figure 5) showed that the diameter and distance of the collagen fibers increased, while the density decreased, and the corneal structure became loose in the control group, which revealed that the collagen structure was destroyed…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the E‐beam irradiates the collagen of APC, some of the collagen might be cross‐linked to form ‐S‐S‐ bond, ‐S‐ bond, and ‐C‐C‐ bond, if the protein chains are close enough 21 . Otherwise, it may result in hydrolysis of the protein backbone or degradation of amino acid side chains 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural changes include cross‐linking between and within collagen, breaking collagen molecules or degraded polypeptide chains, and recombining collagen fibers 20 . Moreover, ionizing radiation can seriously damage ECM tissue, 21 which depends on irradiation type, dosage, and duration, 22 such as high‐dose E‐beam irradiation damaged the biomechanics of the soft tissue allograft 23 . Thus, it is essential to comprehensively investigate the effects of the irradiation sterilization methods on the acellular porcine cornea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Li,

Sun,

Zhao

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Acellular porcine cornea (APC) has been used in corneal transplantation and treatment of the corneal diseases. Sterilization is a key step before the application of graft, and irradiation is one of the most commonly used methods. In this paper, APC was prepared by the physical freeze‐thawing combined with biological enzymes, and the effects of the electron beam (E‐beam) and cobalt 60 (60Co‐γ) at the dose of 15 kGy on the physicochemical properties, structure, immunogenicity, and biocompatibility of the APC were investigated. After decellularization, the residual DNA was 20.86 ± 1.02 ng/mg, and the α‐Gal clearance rate was more than 99%. Irradiation, especially the 60Co‐γ, reduced the cornea's transmittance, elastic modulus, enzymatic hydrolysis rate, swelling ratio, and cross‐linking degree. Meanwhile, the diameter and spacing of the collagen fibers increased. In the rat subcutaneous implantation, many inflammatory cells appeared in the unirradiated APC, while the irradiated had good histocompatibility, but the degradation was faster. The lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits indicated that compared to the E‐beam, the 60Co‐γ damaged the chemical bond of collagen to a larger extent, reduced the content of GAGs, and prolonged the complete epithelization of the grafts. The corneal edema was more serious within 1 month after the surgery. After 2 months, the thickness of the APC with the two irradiation methods tended to be stable, but that in the 60Co‐γ group became thinner. The pathological results showed that the collagen structure was looser and the pores were larger, indicating the 60Co‐γ had a more extensive effect on the APC than the E‐beam at 15 kGy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Li,

Sun,

Zhao

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…10 It has been used to sterilize ultra-fine porcine bladder matrix, 11 poly(methyl methacrylate), 12 diclofenac, and aclofenac. 13 Low doses of E-beam radiation are used to sterilize biomaterials, such as human skin (18, 25, and 35 kGy), 14 donor cornea (15-21 kGy), 15 collagen scaffold (20 kGy), 11 and recombinant human type III collagen phosphorylated choline hydrogel (17,19, or 21 kGy). 16 Medical devices are sterilized at doses of 15 or 25 kGy as described in ISO 11137.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although irradiation of the E-beam has been shown to effectively sterilize corneal tissue, it might induce the formation of active substances, which can break and/or form new chemical bonds during the irradiation at a high dose. 17,18 The breakage of the chemical bond of collagen in the cornea leads to a decrease in the tensile strength and strain-at-break and affects its applications as the decellularized extracellular matrix. 19 It had also been reported that different doses of electron beam irradiation could change the physical and chemical properties of biomaterials, such as swelling, tensile strength, and transmittance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with electron beam and its in‐situ implantation

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2023

J Biomed Mater Res

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Different sterilization doses of the electron beam (E‐beam) will change the properties of biomaterials and affect their clinical application. Acellular porcine cornea (APC) is a promising corneal substitute to alleviate the shortage of corneal resources. The residual DNA was significantly reduced to 18.50 ± 3.19 ng/mg, and the clearance rate of α‐Gal was close to 100% after the treatment with freezing–thawing combined enzyme, indicating that the decellularization was effective. The effects of different E‐beam doses at 0, 2, 8, 15, and 25 kGy on the APC were studied. With the increase in irradiation dose, the transmittance, tensile strength, and swelling ratio of APC gradually decreased, but the resistance to enzymatic degradation was stronger than that of non‐irradiated APC, especially at 8 kGy. The structure of APC was denser after irradiation, but the dose of 25 kGy could cause partial collagen fiber fracture and increase the pore size. The cell viability of the APC irradiated by 15 and 25 kGy were greater than 80%. After the implantation in rabbit corneas, there was no obvious neovascularization and inflammation, but the dose of 25 kGy had a more destructive effect on the chemical bonds of collagen, which made the APC easier to be degraded. The thickness of APC in the 25 kGy group was thinner than that in the 15 kGy group 1 year after surgery, and the epithelium grew more slowly, so the E‐beam dose of 15 kGy might be more suitable for the sterilization of APC.

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Tissue Ablation with Multi‐Millimeter Depth and Cellular‐Scale Collateral Damage by a Femtosecond Mid‐Infrared Laser Tuned to the Amide‐I Vibration

Tian,

Xiang,

Wen

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Laser ablation of bio‐tissues is the key technology of future surgeries, owing to the merits of submicron accuracy, non‐contact operation, and precision control assisted by automation and computer intelligence. Excellent efficiency, minimal collateral damage, biological safety, and tissue selectivity are the ideal parameters for delicate surgical applications. Here, by exploring the mid‐infrared (MIR) resonant ablation and the femtosecond cold processing, tissue ablation with multi‐millimeter depth and cellular collateral damage, enabled by a tabletop femtosecond MIR optical parametric amplifier operating at the amide‐I resonant wavelength of 6.1 µm, is demonstrated. Remarkably, the collateral damage is observed to be 15, <4, and <1 µm in the porcine cornea, sclera, and articular cartilage, respectively, with multi‐millimeter incision depth. In addition, preliminary proof‐of‐concept experiments of tissue‐selective ablation, microchannels on cartilage for drug delivery, laser glaucoma, keratotomy, neurologic tissue incision, dentin deep crater formation, and hypertrophic scarring ablation are demonstrated, which pave the way for high‐precision surgical applications with a tabletop solution.

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Critical media attributes in E-beam sterilization of corneal tissue

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with electron beam and its in‐situ implantation

Tissue Ablation with Multi‐Millimeter Depth and Cellular‐Scale Collateral Damage by a Femtosecond Mid‐Infrared Laser Tuned to the Amide‐I Vibration

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Critical media attributes in E-beam sterilization of corneal tissue

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with 60Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with 60Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with electron beam and its in‐situ implantation

Tissue Ablation with Multi‐Millimeter Depth and Cellular‐Scale Collateral Damage by a Femtosecond Mid‐Infrared Laser Tuned to the Amide‐I Vibration

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Product

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Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility

Structure and properties of the acellular porcine cornea irradiated with ⁶⁰Co‐γ and electron beam and its histocompatibility