Critical knowledge gaps and research priorities in global soil salinity

Hopmans, Jan W.; Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Kisekka, Isaya; Munns, Rana; Grattan, S. R.; Rengasamy, Pichu; Ben‐Gal, Alon; Assouline, S.; Javaux, Mathieu; Minhas, P.S.; Raats, P.A.C.; Skaggs, Todd H.; Wang, G.; Lier, Quirijn de Jong van; HongTao, Jiao; Lavado, Raúl S.; Lazarovitch, Naftali; Li, B.; Taleisnik, Edith

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2021.03.001

Cited by 238 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 426 publications

(539 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

105

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Globally one-fifth of the world's arable land and one-third of irrigated agricultural area is salt-affected and has been estimated to be increasing at a very rapid pace (Machado and Serralheiro 2017;Collins 2014). About 30% of the world's rice growing land is affected by soil salinity (Ahmad and Prasad, 2011;Wang et al 2012;Hopmans et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt tolerance in rice: seedling and reproductive stage QTL mapping come of age

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key message Reproductive stage salinity tolerance is most critical for rice as it determines the yield under stress. Few studies have been undertaken for this trait as phenotyping was cumbersome, but new methodology outlined in this review seeks to redress this deficiency. Sixty-three meta-QTLs, the most important genomic regions to target for enhancing salinity tolerance, are reported. Abstract Although rice has been categorized as a salt-sensitive crop, it is not equally affected throughout its growth, being most sensitive at the seedling and reproductive stages. However, a very poor correlation exists between sensitivity at these two stages, which suggests that the effects of salt are determined by different mechanisms and sets of genes (QTLs) in seedlings and during flowering. Although tolerance at the reproductive stage is arguably the more important, as it translates directly into grain yield, more than 90% of publications on the effects of salinity on rice are limited to the seedling stage. Only a few studies have been conducted on tolerance at the reproductive stage, as phenotyping is cumbersome. In this review, we list the varieties of rice released for salinity tolerance traits, those being commercially cultivated in salt-affected soils and summarize phenotyping methodologies. Since further increases in tolerance are needed to maintain future productivity, we highlight work on phenotyping for salinity tolerance at the reproductive stage. We have constructed an exhaustive list of the 935 reported QTLs for salinity tolerance in rice at the seedling and reproductive stages. We illustrate the chromosome locations of 63 meta-QTLs (with 95% confidence interval) that indicate the most important genomic regions for salt tolerance in rice. Further study of these QTLs should enhance our understanding of salt tolerance in rice and, if targeted, will have the highest probability of success for marker-assisted selections.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt tolerance in rice: seedling and reproductive stage QTL mapping come of age

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…That is, increased knowledge of the risk that irrigation with TWW poses does not mean we need to abandon the practice. Rather, models that better reflect actual risk are considered a priority for research on salinity because they can allow for more effective management (Hopmans et al., 2021). In other words, better understanding of the risks associated with TWW can enable more responsible use of saline and sodic waters, allowing for their continued use in ways that also minimize the probability of long‐term damage to soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Treated Wastewater Irrigation: The Impact of Hysteresis on Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

Kramer

Bayer

Mau

2022

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Models for the effect of salinity and sodicity on saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks, have yet to consider hysteresis. Ignoring hysteresis limits our ability to assess the risk posed by irrigation with saline and sodic water, such as treated wastewater (TWW). We introduce SOTE 2.0, the first model to consider hysteresis in Ks, as driven by different climate and irrigation regimes. The new model integrates the SOTE 1.0 model for salinity and sodicity dynamics with a model for the effect of saline and sodic water on Ks that explicitly includes hysteresis. SOTE 2.0 is used to demonstrate how hysteresis significantly alters our understanding of degradation and rehabilitation. SOTE 2.0 relies on weight functions to highlight soil‐specific differences in degradation and rehabilitation patterns. While TWW irrigation can be crucial to mitigating water scarcity, simulations show that salinity and sodicity have the potential to irreversibly damage soil structure, as measured by declines in Ks. Compared to the McNeal model used by Hydrus and others, SOTE predicts up to 50% degradation risk in settings where the McNeal model predicts none. The SOTE model also predicts slower rehabilitation: up to 100 days, compared to 0 days when using the McNeal model. Results highlight the difference between susceptibility and risk, showing that the probability of degradation is not solely dependent on initial susceptibility to degradation. To fully characterize a soil, we must also know its propensity to rehabilitation.

show abstract

“…Traditional mapping, characterized as time-consuming, expensive, and laborious, could not provide real-time information for improving and preventing soil salinization. Contrary to the traditional mapping, digital soil mapping (DSM) can quickly obtain realtime and high-resolution spatial distribution and even spatiotemporal change information of soil salt at a large scale [8]. The principle of DSM for soil salinity is to build models between dependent variables (soil salinity) and soil formation factors, including topography, biology, climate, parent material, time, spatial location, and soil itself [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, many studies have reported that the application of remote sensing data (such as MODIS, Landsat, and Sentinel) in soil salt monitoring is a current and future research hotspot [8,10,11]. The coarse resolution of MODIS images limited their application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Levels of Soil Salination and Alkalization by Integrating Machining Learning Methods and Soil-Forming Factors

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate updating of soil salination and alkalization maps based on remote sensing images and machining learning methods plays an essential role in food security, biodiversity, and desertification. However, there is still a lack of research on using machine learning, especially one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNN)s, and soil-forming factors to classify the salinization and alkalization degree. As a case study, the study estimated the soil salination and alkalization by Random forests (RF) and CNN based on the 88 observations and 16 environmental covariates in Da’an city, China. The results show that: the RF model (accuracy = 0.67, precision = 0.67 for soil salination) with the synthetic minority oversampling technique performed better than CNN. Salinity and vegetation spectral indexes played the most crucial roles in soil salinization and alkalinization estimation in Songnen Plain. The spatial distribution derived from the RF model shows that from the 1980s to 2021, soil salinization and alkalization areas increased at an annual rate of 1.40% and 0.86%, respectively, and the size of very high salinization and alkalization was expanding. The degree and change rate of soil salinization and alkalization under various land-use types followed mash > salinate soil > grassland > dry land and forest. This study provides a reference for rapid mapping, evaluating, and managing soil salinization and alkalization in arid areas.

show abstract

Critical knowledge gaps and research priorities in global soil salinity

Cited by 238 publications

References 426 publications

Salt tolerance in rice: seedling and reproductive stage QTL mapping come of age

Salt tolerance in rice: seedling and reproductive stage QTL mapping come of age

The Sustainability of Treated Wastewater Irrigation: The Impact of Hysteresis on Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

Mapping the Levels of Soil Salination and Alkalization by Integrating Machining Learning Methods and Soil-Forming Factors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About