Critical insights into understanding the effects of synthesis temperature and nitrogen doping towards charge storage capability and microwave shielding in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites

Pawar, Shital Patangrao; Arjmand, Mohammad; Gandi, Mounika; Bose, Suryasarathi; Sundararaj, Uttandaraman

doi:10.1039/c6ra15037c

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The increase in SE with RGO loading is attributed to increased number of nomadic charges at higher RGO loading. Moreover, it is well established at higher nanofiller loading the conductive network is stronger, leading to more mean free path for electrons to move in each half cycle of alternating field, thereby leading to more dissipation of electrical energy and thus enhanced SE . Figure B depicts the average shielding by reflection (SE r ), shielding by absorption (SE a ), and overall shielding effectiveness (SE o ) of the generated nanocomposites over the X‐band.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound–assisted synthesis and characterization of polymethyl methacrylate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

et al. 2017

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This article reports ultrasound–assisted synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposites by in situ emulsion polymerization coupled with in situ reduction of graphene oxide. The thermal degradation kinetics of the nanocomposites was also assessed with Criado and Coats‐Redfern methods. Intense microconvection generated by ultrasound and cavitation results in uniform dispersion of RGO in the polymer matrix, which imparts markedly higher physical properties to resulting nanocomposites at low (≤1.0 wt %) RGO loadings, as compared to nanocomposites synthesized with mechanical stirring. Some important properties of the PMMA/RGO nanocomposites synthesized with sonication (with various RGO loadings) are: glass transition temperature (0.4 wt %) = 124.5°C, tensile strength (0.4 wt %) = 40.4 MPa, electrical conductivity (1.0 wt %) = 2 × 10−7 S/cm, electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (1.0 wt %) = 3.3 dB. Predominant thermal degradation mechanism of nanocomposites (1.0 wt % RGO) is 1D diffusion with activation energy of 111.3 kJ/mol. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 673–687, 2018

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound–assisted synthesis and characterization of polymethyl methacrylate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

et al. 2017

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“…It was well evident that both SE T and SE A scales with thickness. A similar observation has been well established in the recent past ,. The increase in SE T with shield thickness was mainly due to enhanced network of interconnected MWNTs in the shield material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical conductivity is the most important parameter deciding about EMI shielding performance of a material . Therefore, a detailed investigation of electrical conductivity was carried out for composites and blends.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Derivatives Doped with Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles as Excellent Microwave Absorbers in Soft Nanocomposites

et al. 2017

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Herein, we report the development of soft polymeric composites containing multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs, 1–3 wt%) and graphene derivatives doped with nickel ferrite nanoparticles (rGO@NF, 10 wt%) as lightweight microwave absorbers. The soft nanocomposites were designed using melt‐mixed blends of varying compositions of PC (polycarbonate) and SAN (poly styrene acrylonitrile) by compartmentalized functional nanoparticles in one of the components of the blend (here PC). Maximum attenuation of the incoming electromagnetic (EM) radiation mainly through absorption was achieved. The hetero‐dielectric media at microscopic length scale in the PC component provided large interfaces which facilitated multiple scattering thereby attenuating the incoming EM radiation. This strategy of positioning the functional nanoparticles in one of the components in the blends resulted in significantly enhanced shielding effectiveness (SE), at any given concentration of MWNTs, in contrast to PC based composites. This enhancement in SE was realized in the special morphology of the bicomponent PC/SAN=60/40 wt% blends where both the components are continuous. The enhanced SE in co‐continuous blends is due to combined effect of enhanced electrical conductivity (more precisely due to interconnected network of the nanoparticles) and the presence of a hetero‐dielectric media generating large scattering interfaces. For instance, the PC/SAN (60/40 wt%) co‐continuous blend containing 3 wt% MWNTs and 10 wt% rGO@NF manifested in a total shielding effectiveness (SET) of −32.3 dB (i. e. more than 99.9 % attenuation of incoming EM radiation) mainly through absorption.

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“…PVDF is a favorable polymer matrix for EMI shielding, by virtue of its combination of flexibility, low weight, low thermal conductivity, and high chemical corrosion and heat resistance. Moreover, PVDF features polar crystalline structures (β-phase), contributing to enhanced interaction with conductive nanofillers [21,22,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube versus Graphene Nanoribbon: Impact of Nanofiller Geometry on Electromagnetic Interference Shielding of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites

et al. 2019

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The similar molecular structure but different geometries of the carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) create a genuine opportunity to assess the impact of nanofiller geometry (tube vs. ribbon) on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of polymer nanocomposites. In this regard, GNR and its parent CNT were melt mixed with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix using a miniature melt mixer at various nanofiller loadings, i.e., 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 wt%, and then compression molded. Molecular simulations showed that CNT would have a better interaction with the PVDF matrix in any configuration. Rheological results validated that CNTs feature a far stronger network (mechanical interlocking) than GNRs. Despite lower powder conductivity and a comparable dispersion state, it was interestingly observed that CNT nanocomposites indicated a highly superior electrical conductivity and EMI shielding at higher nanofiller loadings. For instance, at 2.0 wt%, CNT/PVDF nanocomposites showed an electrical conductivity of 0.77 S·m−1 and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 11.60 dB, which are eight orders of magnitude and twofold higher than their GNR counterparts, respectively. This observation was attributed to their superior conductive network formation and the interlocking ability of the tubular nanostructure to the ribbon-like nanostructure, verified by molecular simulations and rheological assays.

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Critical insights into understanding the effects of synthesis temperature and nitrogen doping towards charge storage capability and microwave shielding in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites

Abstract: Herein, various N-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes were prepared by varying the synthesis temperature, and their charge storage capability and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were assessed by incorporating them into a PVDF matrix.

Cited by 23 publications

References 76 publications

Ultrasound–assisted synthesis and characterization of polymethyl methacrylate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

Ultrasound–assisted synthesis and characterization of polymethyl methacrylate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

Graphene Derivatives Doped with Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles as Excellent Microwave Absorbers in Soft Nanocomposites

Carbon Nanotube versus Graphene Nanoribbon: Impact of Nanofiller Geometry on Electromagnetic Interference Shielding of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites

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