Critical Geographies of Body Size

Hopkins, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2008.00174.x

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…32 L'éthique est, dans ce sens, une construction contextuellement ancrée ; elle est l'expression d'une compréhension du réel, tributaire d'un moment historique et d'un contexte culturel particulier. 33 Les fondements philosophiques de l'aménagement participatif sont ceux d'une réalité complexe. Or, l'examen des considérations éthiques présentes dans le projet Grandir à Guadalajara montre, à certains égards, la prévalence d'une perspective de simplicité.…”

Section: Contradictionsunclassified

Agir de manière appropriée : la participation des jeunes à l’aménagement

Torres

2018

ateliers

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Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne.https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit.Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l'Université de Montréal, l'Université Laval et l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Résumé de l'article La réflexion sur l'éthique et la participation des jeunes et des enfants à l'aménagement comporte au moins deux dimensions : d'une part, les justifications d'une telle participation ; d'autre part, les problèmes que la pratique participative fait émerger et face auxquels les cadres de référence conventionnels (non participatifs) ne sont pas toujours utiles. Le présent article aborde ces deux dimensions et explore leurs liens à la lumière de trois méthodes distinctes en matière de théorie morale, soit l'éthique déontologique, l'éthique conséquentialiste et l'éthique de la vertu. Sur la base d'une expérience participative d'aménagement inscrite dans le programme Grandir en Ville de l'UNESCO, certaines contradictions entre les principes d'une pratique participative avec des enfants et la manière dont les problèmes éthiques sont parfois gérés sont mises en évidence. RÉSUMÉLa réflexion sur l'éthique et la participation des jeunes et des enfants à l'aménagement comporte au moins deux dimensions : d'une part, les justifications d'une telle participation ; d'autre part, les problèmes que la pratique participative fait émerger et face auxquels les cadres de réfé-rence conventionnels (non participatifs) ne sont pas toujours utiles. Le présent article aborde ces deux dimensions et explore leurs liens à la lumière de trois méthodes distinctes en matière de théorie morale, soit l'éthique déontologique, l'éthique conséquentialiste et l'éthique de la vertu. Sur la base d'une expérience participative d'aménagement inscrite dans le programme Grandir en Ville de l'UNESCO, certaines contradictions entre les principes d'une pratique participative avec des enfants et la manière dont les problèmes éthiques sont parfois gérés sont mises en évidence. ABSTRACTTwo dimensions can be considered in a reflection on the ethics of participatory design and planning with children and youth: on the one hand, the justifications of participation; on the other hand, the issues that participatory practice may raise and that may come out of traditional (non participatory) frames of reference. This paper explores the relationship between these two dimensions in the light of three distinct methodological approaches in moral theory: deontological ethics, utilitarian ethics and virtue ethics. Drawing on the experience of a UNESCO-Growing Up in Cities project, the paper stresses some contradictions between the principles of participatory practice and how the ethical issues are sometimes managed.

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Section: Contradictionsunclassified

Agir de manière appropriée : la participation des jeunes à l’aménagement

Torres

2018

ateliers

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“…Hopkins () has called for geographies of body size to expand and include the experiences of people with different sized bodies, such as the tall, thin or small body, which will provide different insights into how different body sizes experience the built environment. Different body sizes are going to experience different spatial relations from one another.…”

Section: Geographies Of Body Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These pieces of research show that different spaces can have a disabling effect on someone when their body size, in these cases being too big, is not accommodated for within the built environment. Hopkins (2008) has called for geographies of body size to expand and include the experiences of people with different sized bodies, such as the tall, thin or small body, which will provide different insights into how different body sizes experience the built environment. Different body sizes are going to experience different spatial relations from one another.…”

Section: Geographies Of Body Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In regard to urban spaces, they are spaces, which are manmade, and thus for economic reasons are created to specifically accommodate for the average person. Hopkins (: 2121) suggests that ‘understanding how people negotiate everyday spaces, which are planned for specific bodies, is crucial in advancing the knowledges of geographies of body size’. If the size of a space or facility was not a contributing factor to a person's disablement, then there would be no need to ergonomically construct a space or facility for the average sized person.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Body Size and the Built Environment: Creating an Inclusive Built Environment using Universal Design

Pritchard

2014

Geography Compass

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Within Geography, the subject of body size is now gaining momentum, with a growing body of research, which focuses on how the sized body interacts with, and experiences spaces. There is some contention as to whether body sizes, which go beyond the norm, are disabled, which is often blamed on a lack of understanding of what disability is. This paper argues that spaces are disabling for different body sizes, due to the way they are constructed, and that spaces need to be made enabling in order to provide equal access for all. It is suggested that writers within geographies of body size could change focus from how spaces are disabling, to how spaces can become enabling for different body sizes, through engaging with the concept of universal design. The main aim of universal design is to accommodate for a range of different bodies, including different body sizes and thus providing equal access within the built environment.Within Geography, the subject of body size is now gaining momentum with a growing body of research, which focuses on how different body sizes 1 interact with, and experience spaces within the built environment, by which I mean urban spaces. In regard to urban spaces, they are spaces, which are manmade, and thus for economic reasons are created to specifically accommodate for the average person. Hopkins (2008: 2121) suggests that 'understanding how people negotiate everyday spaces, which are planned for specific bodies, is crucial in advancing the knowledges of geographies of body size'. If the size of a space or facility was not a contributing factor to a person's disablement, then there would be no need to ergonomically construct a space or facility for the average sized person. Bodies, which are not of a specific size, experience spaces differently, affecting their use of spaces as they are disabling. A lack of consideration for various body sizes demonstrates that bodily variations are not given equal access to the built environment and that there is scope to show how spaces can be made to accommodate for different body sizes. This paper aims to bring together literature regarding various body sizes, disability in relation to the built environment and Universal Design to show it how it can be a welcome concept within geographies of body size. Universal Design is based on the principle that there is only one population, comprised of individuals representing diverse characteristics and abilities (Iwarsson and Stahl 2003). Universal Design is defined asThe design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design (Mace 1985, in Steinfeld and Maisel 2012: 12).Universal Design emerged from the disability rights movement but with the aim of benefiting the wider population, including children (Steinfeld and Maisel 2012). Thus, under Universal Design, spaces are not only made accommodating for particular disabilities, also for different body sizes and thus creating a more accommodating built environment for a wid...

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“…After all, if we follow Bordo's earlier assessment, obese bodies are likely to elicit a range of emotional responses, many of which will be negative. In more recent scholarship, emphasis has been placed on trying to think through new ways in which we might (re)engage with the 'fat' body (Longhurst, 2005; see also Hopkins, 2008). For example, Colls (2004Colls ( , 2007 seeks to move beyond representational accounts, ones that constitute the body as a passive object of discourse.…”

Section: Towards a Politics Of Pre-emption?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences by degree: Fatness, contagion and pre-emption

Brown

2013

Health (London)

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Drawing on evidence from the Framingham Heart Study, Christakis and Fowler in their 2007 article published in the New England Journal of Medicine make the claim that obesity spreads in social networks. Whether they are correct in this assertion is neither the concern nor focus of this article. Rather, what is of interest is the subsequent mobilisation of 'contagion' to describe this spread and to account for the emergence of an 'obesity epidemic' in contemporary society. Contrary to the argument that there is less stigma attached to obesity, the reporting of the Christakis and Fowler article suggests that being 'fat' remains a signifier of moral and physical decay; if we add to this the suggestion that obesity is spread within social networks, it is possible that the stigma associated with body size will begin to mirror that which is attached to other infectious bodies. In order to consider the potential implications of this, the article develops in three directions: it explores the application of contagion as a metaphor for understanding the spread of obesity; it sets this understanding within the context of scholarship on contagion and it draws on critical obesity studies literature to call for a more cautionary approach to be taken when deploying a term that when combined with pre-emptive public health discourse would add significantly to the pathologising of the corpulent, fat or obese body.

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Critical Geographies of Body Size

Cited by 33 publications

References 63 publications

Agir de manière appropriée : la participation des jeunes à l’aménagement

Agir de manière appropriée : la participation des jeunes à l’aménagement

Body Size and the Built Environment: Creating an Inclusive Built Environment using Universal Design

Differences by degree: Fatness, contagion and pre-emption

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