Critical Evaluation of the Standard Molar Entropies, Enthalpies of Formation, Gibbs Energies of Formation and Heat Capacities of the Aqueous Trivalent Rare Earth Ions, and the Corresponding Standard Molar Entropies, Enthalpies of Formation and Gibbs Energies of Formation of the Thermodynamically Stable RECl3·7H2O(cr) and RECl3·6H2O(cr)

Rard, Joseph A.

doi:10.1007/s10953-016-0520-8

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The Gibb's energy change is the driving force and the fundamental criterion of spontaneity. [29][30][31][32][33][34] Physical absorption is to be a spontaneous thermodynamic process with negative value. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption relaxation strength (Á") and dielectric activation (ÁF) of binary complexes have been calculated and the results are tabulated in Table 5 using this formula Á"…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric dispersion and thermodynamic behavior of stearic acid binary mixtures with alcohol as co-solvent using time domain reflectometry

Sylvester

Ganesh²,

Karunakaran

et al. 2017

J. Adv. Dielect.

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Dielectric permittivity and relaxation dynamics of binary and ternary mixture of stearic acid on various concentration and their thermodynamic effects are studied. The static dielectric constant (" 0 ), dielectric permittivity (" 0 ) and dielectric loss (" 00 ) are found by bilinear calibration. The relaxation time (), dielectric strength (Á") and the excess permittivity (" E ) are found. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ÁH), entropy (ÁS) and Gibb's free energy (ÁG) are evolved. The significant changes in dielectric parameters are due to the intramolecular and intermolecular interactions in response to the applied frequency. The permittivity spectra of stearic acid-alcohol in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 GHz have been measured using picoseconds Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The dielectric parameters (" 0 , " 0 , " 00 ) are found by bilinear calibration method. Influence of temperature in intermolecular interaction and the relaxation process are also studied. The FT-IR spectral analysis reveals that the conformation of functional groups and formation for hydrogen bonding are present in both binary and ternary mixtures of stearic acid.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric dispersion and thermodynamic behavior of stearic acid binary mixtures with alcohol as co-solvent using time domain reflectometry

Sylvester

Ganesh²,

Karunakaran

et al. 2017

J. Adv. Dielect.

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“…The standard entropies of the aqueous tripositive lanthanide ions, S Θ (Ln 3+ ,aq), are important thermodynamic quantities that might provide insights into the coordination of the ions in solution. Previous reviews of the subject − have made it clear that the chosen values are strongly influenced by the standard entropies of the solid trichloride hydrates. This is because the aqueous ion values are evaluated from the thermodynamics of the solution reaction: …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental data of this kind are available for neodymium, gadolinium, , terbium, dysprosium, holmium, , erbium, and lutetium. , For samarium, europium, thulium, and ytterbium, they are not. Rard, who reviewed previous assessments of the entropies, states that missing values had been obtained by subtracting magnetic entropies {approximately R ln(2 J + 1)} from the established values to get lattice entropies, S Θ latt . Here, J is the total angular momentum quantum number of the ground state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lattice entropies of the hydrates LnCl 3 ·6H 2 O for the elements Nd → Lu calculated from the entropies given in ref and plotted against q , the number of 4f electrons in the free Ln 3+ ion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Table , column 4 shows the values of S Θ (LnCl 3 .6H 2 O,cr) recommended in Rard’s recent review . Column 5 shows our revised values, and column 6 gives the magnetic entropies calculated as described in Appendix 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Variation in the Standard Entropies of Aqueous Tripositive Lanthanide Ions

Johnson

Nelson

2020

Inorg. Chem.

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Previous published entropies of solid lanthanide trichloride hydrates are reviewed and revised by taking account of the Kramers degeneracy of ground states with half-integral values of J. The revised values necessitate corrections to the standard entropies of the aqueous tripositive lanthanide ions which display an irregular variation with both atomic number and ionic radius. These irregularities can be smoothed out by taking account of contributions from the electronic or magnetic entropy, from structural changes in the coordination that have been revealed by EXAFS and XANES measurements and X-ray crystallography, and from an increasing intrusion of eight coordination across the series. When these contributions are removed, the entropies of the aqueous ions refer to a hypothetical nine-coordinate state in trigonal triprismatic coordination. Within experimental error, they then vary uniformly across the lanthanide series and there is a good linear correlation with the reciprocal of the metal–oxygen distance in the nine-coordinate aqua complexes.

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Synthesis of americium trichloride via chlorination of americium oxide using zirconium tetrachloride in LiCl–KCl molten salt

Kersten

Hawthorne

Williamson

et al. 2022

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

Dielectric dispersion and thermodynamic behavior of stearic acid binary mixtures with alcohol as co-solvent using time domain reflectometry

Dielectric dispersion and thermodynamic behavior of stearic acid binary mixtures with alcohol as co-solvent using time domain reflectometry

The Variation in the Standard Entropies of Aqueous Tripositive Lanthanide Ions

Synthesis of americium trichloride via chlorination of americium oxide using zirconium tetrachloride in LiCl–KCl molten salt

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