2000
DOI: 10.1080/00207230008711318
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Critical density index for the solar production of bittern from seawater

Abstract: Solar extraction of common salt from seawater has been practiced for centuries in a rather crude manner because the process was not performed in stages to obtain a pure salt. The common practice in developing countries is to carry through with the evaporation process to the stage of dryness to facilitate harvesting the salt mix. If salt is harvested prior to the deposition of impurities during the evaporation process then the resulting bittern would provide chemicals which could have many commercial applicatio… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Along with continuous evaporation, salt circulation to the water layer is prohibited when saturated brine generated around the evaporating surface, inducing inevitable salt precipitation. 61,62…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Along with continuous evaporation, salt circulation to the water layer is prohibited when saturated brine generated around the evaporating surface, inducing inevitable salt precipitation. 61,62…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Along with continuous evaporation, salt circulation to the water layer is prohibited when saturated brine generated around the evaporating surface, inducing inevitable salt precipitation. 61,62 To avoid salt precipitation in high-salinity brine, heat insulation is compromised in most of the currently reported solar desalination systems, resulting in decreased evaporation rate with the increase in brine salinity. With respect to our system, due to the presence of bridge-shaped water layer, salt resistance and heat localization are achieved simultaneously even for 15 wt% and 20 wt% brine.…”
Section: Evaporation Performancementioning
confidence: 99%