Critical Condition of Dynamic Recrystallization in 35CrMo Steel

Huang, Yuanchun; Wang, Sanxing; Xiao, Zhengbing; Liu, Hui

doi:10.3390/met7050161

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although the initial strain value of the curves entering the steady state rheological stage varies with the experimental conditions, most of the curves enter the steady stage after the true strain exceeds 0.25. This phenomenon is the result of dynamic equilibrium between work hardening and various softening mechanisms (dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery) [45,46]. As the JC model mainly describes the relationship between flow stress and temperature, strain, and strain rate in the steady-state rheological stage.…”

Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fitting the relationship between C 0 and ε, we can find that the C 0 value is a cubic function of strain, C 0 = C 1 + C 2 ε + C 3 ε 2 + C 4 ε 3 , and the values of parameters C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4 can be fitted as 0.2017, −0.89301, 2.23743, and −1.8398, respectively, as shown in Figure 4. Huang et al [45] shows that the dynamic recrystallization degree of 35CrMo steel is different under certain deformation conditions with the increase of strain. It is speculated that the strain dependency of parameter C 0 may be the result of competition between strain hardening and dynamic recrystallization or dynamic recovery during hot deformation.…”

Section: The Modified Jc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4. Huang et al [45] shows that the dynamic recrystallization degree of 35CrMo steel is different under certain deformation conditions with the increase of strain. It is speculated that the strain dependency of parameter C0 may be the result of competition between strain hardening and dynamic recrystallization or dynamic recovery during hot deformation.…”

Section: The Modified Jc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Modified Johnson-Cook Model for Hot Deformation Behavior of 35CrMo Steel

Wang

Huang

Xiao

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:In this work, a compression experiment of 35CrMo steel is carried out over a wide range of temperatures (1123-1423 K) and strain rates (0.1-10 s −1 ) to obtain further understandings of the flow behaviors. The results show that the strain hardening effect of 35CrMo steel is stronger than that of dynamic recrystallization at low temperature and high strain rate; on the contrary, the rheological curves show typical dynamic recrystallization characteristics at high temperature and low strain rate. This indicates that the strain hardening and recrystallization behavior of 35CrMo steel is affected by temperature, strain and strain rate, and its true stress-strain curves can be observed typical work hardening and dynamic softening features. A modified Johnson-Cook (JC) model is developed to predict the flow stress of the alloy. The results of the comparison show that the predicted values of the modified JC model are in good agreement with the experimental values.

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Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Modified Jc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Modified Jc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Modified Johnson-Cook Model for Hot Deformation Behavior of 35CrMo Steel

Wang

Huang

Xiao

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…A new model [7] has been proposed to describe CDRX based on the dislocation density in the hot rolling of AZ31 magnesium alloys. Moreover, numerous DRX studies have been carried out for alloy microstructures [8,9]. Manonukul and Dunne [10] investigated the initiation of DRX under the inhomogeneous stress state in pure copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recrystallization Microstructure Prediction of a Hot‐Rolled AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet by Using the Cellular Automata Method

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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A large reduction rolling process was used to obtain complete dynamic recrystallization (DRX) microstructures with fine recrystallization grains. Based on the hyperbolic sinusoidal equation that included an Arrhenius term, a constitutive model of flow stress was established for the unidirectional solidification sheet of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Furthermore, discretized by the cellular automata (CA) method, a real-time nucleation equation coupled flow stress was developed for the numerical simulation of the microstructural evolution during DRX. The stress and strain results of finite element analysis were inducted to CA simulation to bridge the macroscopic rolling process analysis with the microscopic DRX activities. Considering that the nucleation of recrystallization may occur at the grain and R-grain boundary, the DRX processes under different deformation conditions were simulated. The evolution of microstructure, percentages of DRX, and sizes of recrystallization grains were discussed in detail. Results of DRX simulation were compared with those from electron backscatter diffraction analysis, and the simulated microstructure was in good agreement with the actual pattern obtained using experiment analysis. The simulation technique provides a flexible way for predicting the morphological variations of DRX microstructure accompanied with plastic deformation on a hot-rolled sheet.

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“…Even the individual areas are extensively represented. In manufacturing, there are articles on the effects of welding [1-4], electroslag remelting [5,6], and rolling [7][8][9]. As is typical in any discussion of steels, many papers focus on microstructure-property relations [10][11][12][13][14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Alloy Steels

Tuttle

2018

Metals

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Since their invention in 1865, alloy steels have found broad application in multiple industries; the automotive, aerospace, heavy equipment, and pipeline industries to name a few. Alloy steels include a tremendous variation in alloying content. They range from the 1-2 wt. % Cr or Ni in some low alloy steels to the 15-18 wt. % Cr content of many stainless steels. The topic of alloy steels contains both the common 4140 and 316 alloys to more exotic alloys such as the Hadfield steels. These steels can form a wide variety of microstructures such as pearlite, bainite, or martensite, which result in an equally broad range of properties. It is this range that has made them useful to so many industries. In some cases, these are the only steel alloys that can provide the required combination of properties. Their use in the automotive industry has been key to the development of safer vehicles and improved fuel efficiency. Our modern world would not be possible without the advanced alloy steels employed to safely transport oil through pipelines. Therefore, continued development is necessary to expand markets, improve products, and enhance the human condition. It is this importance that has lead us at Metals to create the special issue on alloy steels that you are reading. What follows are 23 papers from a wide range of authors and nationalities which represents the current state of the art in alloy steel research.This issue, like alloy steels themselves, covers diverse set of articles. There are articles on manufacturing, microstructure, heat treatment, corrosion, and service conditions. This expansive range reflects the multifaceted nature of alloy steels. Even the individual areas are extensively represented. In manufacturing, there are articles on the effects of welding [1-4], electroslag remelting [5,6], and rolling [7][8][9]. As is typical in any discussion of steels, many papers focus on microstructure-property relations [10][11][12][13][14]. These form the basis for improving the alloys and their processing. Another large section of work focuses on topics of more interest to those who are the final customers of the steel industry. Many alloy steels are heat treated and understanding the effects of heat treatment and heat treating parameter selection ensure the correct microstructure and properties are attained. Readers will find these topics addressed by several authors in our pages [10,[15][16][17][18]. Those readers interested in improving the corrosion resistance of alloy steels will find several pieces on this topic [2,19,20]. An aspect often ignored by many journals is performance under actual service conditions in the final product, there are two articles on wear resistance and pipeline life that remind us of the importance of understanding the final product [21][22][23]. Data from the final products created from these steels always provide a powerful insight which the best labs can never replicate, and their inclusion in this special issue is a significant contribution to this special issue.Of particular inte...

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Critical Condition of Dynamic Recrystallization in 35CrMo Steel

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

A Modified Johnson-Cook Model for Hot Deformation Behavior of 35CrMo Steel

A Modified Johnson-Cook Model for Hot Deformation Behavior of 35CrMo Steel

Recrystallization Microstructure Prediction of a Hot‐Rolled AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet by Using the Cellular Automata Method

Alloy Steels

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