Critical appraisal of non-randomized controlled trials – a review of recommended and commonly used tools

Quigley, Joan; Thompson, J.C.; Halfpenny, NJ; Scott, Darren M.

doi:10.1016/j.jval.2014.03.1184

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In addition, cohort studies were appraised according to the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale for observational cohort studies . In this respect, three domains were scored concerning selection and comparability of study cohorts, and outcome of interest was ascertained using a score range of 0 to 9.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, cohort studies were appraised according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational cohort studies. 19 In this respect, three domains were scored concerning selection and comparability of study cohorts, and outcome of interest was ascertained using a score range of 0 to 9. If a study obtained ≥70% of the highest level of Newcastle-Ottawa scale, it was considered as high quality, 40%-70% as moderate, 20%-40% as moderate and <20% as very low quality.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and Ferriman‐Gallwey score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis

Amiri

Tehrani

Nahidi

et al. 2017

Clinical Endocrinology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and Ferriman‐Gallwey score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis

Amiri

Tehrani

Nahidi

et al. 2017

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…3 of the studies were RCTs, with the remaining four papers consisting of a pilot study, two randomised experimental studies and a controlled trial. Although non-randomised studies are lower in the hierarchy of evidence it is acknowledged that 'real world data' from smaller studies is having a significant impact on health care decision making (Quigley et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for RCTs (randomised controlled trials) (CASP 2015) was selected for critical appraisal of the papers. There appears to be no consensus on the most appropriate tool for non-randomised studies and Quigley et al (2014) states that the CASP RCT checklist is often used to appraise both study designs, even though it is not validated to do so. Use of a single checklist in this instance was deemed to be the most efficient way of appraising all papers consistently but is acknowledged as a potential source of bias in the review.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do psychosocial interventions have an impact on maternal perception of perinatal depression?

Firth

Haith-Cooper

Egan

2016

British Journal of Midwifery

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Poor perinatal mental health, in particular depression, affects at least 10% of new mothers in the UK. Current best practice recommends the use of talking therapies or medication, however, many women choose not to use medication or are deterred from accessing NHS services for example due to immigration status. Those who can access NHS treatment often face a long waiting list to see a clinician or therapist. Untreated perinatal depression impacts on the health and wellbeing of mothers and babies, consequently it is essential that alternative psychosocial interventions delivered by non-clinicians are considered. A systematic review was conducted on seven quantitative studies examining the effect of psychosocial interventions in reducing maternal symptoms of depression. Interventions focused either on physical activity or peer support, measuring depression scores on a validated screening tool. The review concludes that antenatal group peer support may benefit women in the antenatal period and that postnatal peer telephone support may be helpful for primiparous women but further large scale research is required.

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“…The CASP tools do not include a tool to assess the quality of guidelines and non-randomized studies. To address this gap, a tool created by Downs and Black (1998) that has held up in terms of rigour and usefulness, making it one of the most commonly used tools (Quigley, Thompson, Halfpenny, & Scott, 2014), is used to analyze non-randomized studies included in this review. To ensure robust critical appraisal of the guideline included in this review, the Appraisal of Guidelines for…”

Section: Search Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the nurse practitioner in promoting a reduction in the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy among nursing home residents in British Columbia

Jassar¹

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Problematic polypharmacy is an ongoing issue for older adults throughout Canada, and specifically among nursing home residents (Maher, Hanion, & Hajjar, 2013). Despite interventions that are currently in place in British Columbia (BC) to reduce the causes and outcomes of this issue, problematic polypharmacy continues to pose a risk for residents among BC nursing homes. This integrative review asks how nurse practitioners (NPs) can best promote a reduction in the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy among residents in BC nursing homes.The background information of this project outlines the concept of problematic polypharmacy and the prevalence of contributing factors and outcomes. Nursing home demographics are also highlighted to demonstrate the risk this population faces to the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy, and the subsequent effect this issue has on the health care system. Furthermore, the background provides an overview of the concept role overlap which exists between health care professionals in order to demonstrate how multiple health care professionals may share roles or parts of roles in reducing the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy. Barriers faced by staff are also examined.Through a comprehensive review of the literature and critical appraisal, nine articles are found to address the research question. Key interventions that specifically demonstrate effectiveness in reducing causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy in the context of nursing homes emerged. These interventions are put forth as recommendations for NP practice and include: medication reviews while screening for inappropriate medications by using the Beers Criteria, computerized clinical decision support systems (CCDSS), and the Cockcroft Gault Score; assessing functional status for changes to assure instances of problematic 3 polypharmacy are not missed by using the Minimum Data Set -Activity of Daily Living (MDS-ADL) scale; education targeted for all staff members to detect, prevent, and manage problematic polypharmacy; multidisciplinary team meetings to facilitate a collaborative approach in reducing problematic polypharmacy and case conferences to provide resident-centered care.An important finding is that most interventions require participation from two or more health professionals, highlighting the concept of role overlap and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach. In light of NP practice, this provides insight surrounding how NPs can influence and encourage other staff members to sustain their roles and overcome barriers for an ultimate reduction in the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy with implications for practice, policy, education, and research.

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Critical appraisal of non-randomized controlled trials – a review of recommended and commonly used tools

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and Ferriman‐Gallwey score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis

Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and Ferriman‐Gallwey score in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis

Do psychosocial interventions have an impact on maternal perception of perinatal depression?

The role of the nurse practitioner in promoting a reduction in the causes and outcomes of problematic polypharmacy among nursing home residents in British Columbia

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