Critical analysis of the published literature about the effects of narghile use on oral health

Khemiss, Mehdi; Rouatbi, Sonia; Berrezouga, Latifa; Saad, Helmi Ben

doi:10.3402/ljm.v10.30001

Cited by 6 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[25–27] However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the effects of WTS on some salivary characteristics. Moreover, the effects of cigarette smoking on the above data have also been rarely evaluated in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary findings on the correlation of saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate and consistency in relation to waterpipe tobacco smoking

Khemiss

Khelifa

Saad

2017

Libyan Journal of Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present comparative study was to compare some salivary characteristics between exclusive waterpipe smokers (EWPS) and non-smokers. 72 males (36 EWPS) were recruited. The volume of stimulated saliva was determined and divided by the duration of saliva collection. The pH was measured directly using a pH meter. The buffering capacity was determined using a quantitative method which involved the addition of 10 µl HCl. Up to a total of 160 µL was titrated up to obtain a pH titration curve. At 50 µL of titrated HCl, buffering capacity was ranked into three categories: high, medium and low. EWPS and non-smoker groups had similar flow rates (1.81 ± 0.79 and 1.78 ± 1.14 mL min-1) and similar baseline pH (6.60 ± 0.37 and 6.76 ± 0.39). Statistically significant differences in the two groups’ pH were observed from 30 to 160 µL of titrated up HCl. At 50 µL of titrated up HCl, the EWPS group compared to the non-smoker group had a significantly higher pH (4.79 ± 0.72 vs. 5.32 ± 0.79). To conclude, waterpipe tobacco smoking alters the buffering capacity but does not alter either salivary flow rates or the baseline pH and consistency.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary findings on the correlation of saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate and consistency in relation to waterpipe tobacco smoking

Khemiss

Khelifa

Saad

2017

Libyan Journal of Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies analyzing the effects of narghile use on oral health ( 15 – 29 ), especially the periodontium ( 15 – 18 , 20 , 29 ), are scarce. This was recently criticized in two letters to the editor ( 14 , 30 ). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, only two comparative cross-sectional studies ( 17 , 29 ), largely described in Table 3 , investigated the effect of narghile use on PBH and/or bone loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adverse health effects of narghile use, especially on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, have been reported in several studies ( 9 , 12 , 13 ). As inhalation of such toxic substances may affect the integrity of the oral cavity, and as dentists come across narghile smokers among their patients, it is fundamental to inform the patients of the significantly damaging impacts of narghile use on some components of the oral cavity, such as the periodontium ( 14 ). However, studies analyzing the adverse effects of narghile use on oral health ( 15 – 29 ) are scarce and present conflicting results ( 14 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two studies investigating the effect of narghile use on PBH and/or bone loss ( 17 , 29 ) showed that they were significantly affected among exclusive narghile smokers (ENS) as compared with non-smokers, and that there was no statistically significant difference in the aforementioned parameters between ENS and exclusive cigarette smokers (ECS). Nevertheless, these two studies had some methodological limitations ( 14 , 30 ), such as not being precise about the narghile tobacco type (tabamel and/or moassel and/or tombak) ( 17 , 29 ), a heterogeneous population including subjects with large variations in the quantity of tobacco consumed ( 17 ) or daily smoking frequency ( 29 ), as well as elderly individuals ( 17 ). These limitations may affect the observations because diseases caused by narghile use are related to the tobacco type and/or quantity ( 8 , 14 ), and the prevalence of periodontal disease increases with age ( 14 , 31 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking into account the above methodological limitations ( 14 , 17 , 29 , 30 ), the present study aimed at comparing some clinical and radiological data (i.e. plaque index, PBH, bone loss) determined in young adults who were exclusive tabamel smokers with those of ECS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Periodontal bone height of exclusive narghile smokers compared with exclusive cigarette smokers

Khemiss

Khelifa

Rejeb

et al. 2016

Libyan Journal of Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo compare the periodontal bone height (PBH) of exclusive narghile smokers (ENS) with that of exclusive cigarette smokers (ECS).MethodsTunisian males aged 20–35 years who have been ENS for more than five narghile-years or ECS for more than five pack-years were recruited to participate in this comparative cross-sectional study. Information about oral health habits and tobacco consumption were gathered using a predetermined questionnaire. Plaque levels were recorded in four sites using the plaque index of Loe and Silness. The PBH was measured mesially and distally from digital panoramic radiographs of each tooth and expressed as a percentage of the root length. A PBH level ≤0.70 was applied as a cutoff reference value signifying bone loss. Student t-test and Chi2 test were used to compare quantitative and qualitative data of both groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the ENS (n=60) and ECS (n=60) groups regarding age and the consumed quantities of tobacco (28±4 vs. 27±5 years, 7±3 narghile-years vs. 8±3 pack-years, respectively). Compared with the ECS group, the ENS group had a significantly higher plaque index (mean±SD values were 1.54±0.70 vs. 1.84±0.73, respectively). However, the two groups had similar means of PBH (0.85±0.03 vs. 0.86±0.04) and tooth brushing frequencies (1.1±0.8 vs. 0.9±0.6 a day, respectively) and had similar bone loss frequencies (15% vs. 12%, respectively).ConclusionsBoth ENS and ECS exhibited the same PBH reduction, which means that both types of tobacco smoking are associated with periodontal bone loss.

show abstract

Comparison of Periodontal Status Between Male Exclusive Narghile Smokers and Male Exclusive Cigarette Smokers

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies evaluating the effects of narghile use on the periodontium present conflicting conclusions. This study aimed to compare the periodontal status of exclusive narghile smokers (ENSs, n = 74) to that of exclusive cigarette smokers (ECSs, n = 74). Males aged 20–40 years were recruited to participate in this comparative study. Information concerning oral health habits (number of yearly visits to the dentist, daily toothbrushing frequency) and tobacco exposure were obtained. Clinical measurements were performed on all the existing teeth, except the third molars. The number of remaining teeth and decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) were noted. The plaque levels were recorded using the plaque index of Löe and Silness. The gingival index modified by Löe was used to evaluate gingival inflammation. Teeth mobility was measured using bidigital mobility. The probing pocket depth was measured using a periodontal probe. Periodontal disease was defined as the presence of at least 10 sites with a probing depth ≥5 mm. Student’s t and chi-square tests were used to compare, respectively, the two groups’ quantitative and qualitative data. The two groups were matched for quantities of used tobacco, age, daily toothbrushing frequency, teeth mobility, number of remaining teeth, plaque index, and DMFT. Compared to the ECS group, the ENS group had a significantly lower number of yearly visits to the dentist (mean ± SD : 0.2 ± 0.5 vs. 0.1 ± 0.2), lower probing pocket depth (mean ± SD : 2.33 ± 0.63 vs. 2.02 ± 0.80 mm), and gingival index (median [interquartile]: 0.46 [0.10–0.89] vs. 0.00 [0.00–0.50]), and it included significantly lower percentages of smokers with periodontal disease (24.3% vs. 9.5%). In conclusion, chronic exclusive narghile smoking has fewer adverse effects on the periodontium than chronic exclusive cigarette smoking.

show abstract

Critical analysis of the published literature about the effects of narghile use on oral health

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Preliminary findings on the correlation of saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate and consistency in relation to waterpipe tobacco smoking

Preliminary findings on the correlation of saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate and consistency in relation to waterpipe tobacco smoking

Periodontal bone height of exclusive narghile smokers compared with exclusive cigarette smokers

Comparison of Periodontal Status Between Male Exclusive Narghile Smokers and Male Exclusive Cigarette Smokers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About