Criterion Validity of the Cognitive Slippage and Schizotypal Ambivalence Scales

Loas, Gwenolé; Dimassi, Hajer; Monestès, Jean‐Louis; Yon, Valérie

doi:10.2466/02.19.pr0.113x27z5

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…High SAS scores also predicted greater negative affect, cognitive impairment, suspicion, and dislike of current activities. Furthermore, SAS scores predicted affect and social functioning in daily life above and beyond depressive symptoms, supporting previous findings (Kwapil et al 2002;Loas et al 2013;Mann et al 2008) of diagnostic specificity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, Kwapil et al and Mann et al demonstrated that the SAS was associated with schizotypic symptoms and impairment, but not other forms of psychopathology. Loas et al (2013) demonstrated the criterion validity of the scale by showing that first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia had higher SAS scores than first-degree relatives of patients with other psychiatric disorders (neurotic disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, and substance-related disorders). Kerns (2006) showed that individuals with heightened negative and disorganized symptom schizotypy reported elevated ambivalence on the SAS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Splitting of Associative Threads: The Expression of Schizotypal Ambivalence in Daily Life

Burgin

Chun

Horton

et al. 2014

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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Ambivalence, which refers to the simultaneous experience of contradictory emotions and cognitions, has a longstanding and important role in the study of both normal and pathological functioning. Bleuler and Meehl viewed ambivalence as a central component of schizophrenic, and more broadly schizotypic, psychopathology. Ambivalence is associated with questionnaire and interview measures of schizotypic symptoms and impairment. However, its real-world expression has not been explored. The present study examined the expression of ambivalence, as assessed by the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale, in daily life using experience sampling methodology. Specifically, it examined the association of ambivalence with affect, daily activities, and social and cognitive functioning in the moment. A sample of 430 male and female young adults completed an average of 42 daily life assessments during a one-week period. Ambivalence predicted diminished positive affect, increased negative affect, cognitive impairment, and social impairment. Furthermore, ambivalence moderated the effects of social closeness, emotional expression, and activity enjoyment on affect and functioning in daily life. Specifically, ambivalence was associated with affective dysregulation and greater reactivity to social stress. The present findings provided the first examination of the expression of ambivalence in daily life and support its inclusion as a component of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. Keywords: Schizotypal ambivalence | Experience sampling methodology | Schizotypy | Schizophrenia | Daily life Article:The present study examined the experience and expression of ambivalence in daily life using experience sampling methodology. Ambivalence has been described as a core feature of schizophrenia (e.g., Bleuler 1911/1950) and of schizotypy (e.g., Meehl 1962). However, the construct has been relatively understudied and its expression outside of traditional laboratory settings has not been examined. The present study builds on recent psychometric and laboratory

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Splitting of Associative Threads: The Expression of Schizotypal Ambivalence in Daily Life

Burgin

Chun

Horton

et al. 2014

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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“…The CSS assesses cognitive disorganization ( Miers and Raulin, 1987 ), a trait that tends to be high in individuals with schizophrenia and schizotypy ( Loas et al., 2013 ; Osman et al., 1992 ). This 47 True-False questionnaire index was used as a way to assess if there were aspects of mental organization not related to clear data gathering processes that might be influencing other associations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data gathering ability contributes to visual organization and probabilistic reasoning

Bernadyn

Feigenson

2018

Heliyon

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Individuals use data gathering methods to inform judgments and behaviors. Effective interaction with the environment depends on these having high accuracy and low noise, but when they become abnormal, aberrant thoughts and perceptions can occur. In this study, we examined if data gathering methods were consistent across tasks that relied on different cognitive abilities, specifically visual perception and probabilistic reasoning. Thirty-four non-clinical participants engaged in the Ebbinghaus Illusion and the Jumping to Conclusions tasks, while also completing questionnaires concerning aspects of delusion formation. A significant, positive correlation was observed between performance on the Ebbinghaus Illusion and the Jumping to Conclusions tasks. Both tasks were negatively correlated with the General Conspiracy Belief Scale. The results suggest an underlying mechanism for data gathering that is consistent across behavioral domains and exists on a continuum in the general population.

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“…In keeping with the importance of schizotypal traits to psychosis-proneness, Loas, Dimassi, Monestes, and Yon (2013 ) studied the criterion validity of the Cognitive Slippage Scale and the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale. As a comment on Loas, et al . (2013 ), I would like to draw attention to the value of expanding the use of these scales in studies of schizotypal traits and psychosis-proneness, especially with adolescents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Prior to the last few years, the criterion validity of the Cognitive Slippage Scale and the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale had been based on explorations of non-clinical samples ( Mann, Vaughn, Barrantes-Vidal, Raulin, & Kwapil, 2008 ). Loas, et al . (2013 ) studied the criterion validity of the French version of the Cognitive Slippage Scale and the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale by comparing healthy fi rst-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia with healthy fi rst degree relatives of non-psychotic individuals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Continuum of Psychosis Proneness and Schizotypal Traits: A Comment on Loas, et al. (2013)

McCarthy

2015

Psychol Rep

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Loas, Dimassi, Monestes, and Yon (2013 ) studied a version of the Cognitive Slippage Scale and the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale in support of the view that thought disorder and withdrawal are highly correlated with schizotypy, a central concept in investigations of the vulnerability for schizophrenia. As a brief comment on Loas, et al., I will draw attention to the need for expanding studies of schizotypal traits and the possibility of using these scales with adolescents and young adults who are developing personality disorders as well as with individuals who have experienced prodromal phases of psychosis. Investigations of the Cognitive Slippage Scale and the Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale might be enhanced by conducting studies with individuals at different points on the psychosis continuum, including those who have developed schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, as well as with their first-degree relatives.

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Criterion Validity of the Cognitive Slippage and Schizotypal Ambivalence Scales

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Splitting of Associative Threads: The Expression of Schizotypal Ambivalence in Daily Life

Splitting of Associative Threads: The Expression of Schizotypal Ambivalence in Daily Life

Data gathering ability contributes to visual organization and probabilistic reasoning

The Continuum of Psychosis Proneness and Schizotypal Traits: A Comment on Loas, et al. (2013)

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