CRISPR recognizes as many phage types as possible without overwhelming the Cas machinery

Deem, Michael W.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2002746117

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These findings are in parallel with empirical observations of the adaptive immune system in bacteria [ 51 ]. The mechanisms of Shewanella immune system and the implications warrant further study [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Shewanella algae and Shewanella haliotis: Insights into the Adaptation and Survival of Marine Pathogens

Wang,

Huang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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CRISPR-Cas systems are adaptive immune mechanisms present in most prokaryotes that play an important role in the adaptation of bacteria and archaea to new environments. Shewanella algae is a marine zoonotic pathogen with worldwide distribution, which accounts for the majority of clinical cases of Shewanella infections. However, the characterization of Shewanella algae CRISPR-Cas systems has not been well investigated yet. Through whole genome sequence analysis, we characterized the CRISPR-Cas systems in S. algae. Our results indicate that CRISPR-Cas systems are prevalent in S. algae, with the majority of strains containing the Type I-F system. This study provides new insights into the diversity and function of CRISPR-Cas systems in S. algae and highlights their potential role in the adaptation and survival of these marine pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Shewanella algae and Shewanella haliotis: Insights into the Adaptation and Survival of Marine Pathogens

Wang,

Huang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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“…The variation of the CRISPR-Cas system types and the contents within RT strains could affect their susceptibility to infection by phages (Hargreaves et al 2014 ). The spacer contents of CRISPR arrays are identical to known phage sequences and are particularly insightful since it was previously shown that 100% identity between spacer and proto-spacer sequences is required to provide immunity (Boudry et al 2015 , Maikova et al 2018 , Deem 2020 ). Although small numbers of mismatches could confer a degree of immunity during infection through target cleavage (Michael et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel ribotype/sequence type associations and diverse CRISPR-Cas systems in environmental Clostridioides difficile strains from northern Iraq

Rashid,

Nale,

Millard

et al. 2023

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The environment is a natural reservoir of Clostridioides difficile and here, we aimed to isolate the pathogen from seven locations in Northern Iraq. Four of the sites yielded thirty-one isolates (ten from soils, twenty-one from sediments) which together represent ribotypes 001 (five), 010 (five), 011 (two), 035 (two), 091 (eight) and 604 (nine). Twenty-five of the isolates (∼81%) are non-toxigenic while 6 (∼19%) encode the toxin A and B genes. The genomes of eleven selected isolates represent six sequence types: ST-3 (two), ST-15 (one), ST-107 (five), ST-137 (one), ST-177 (one) and ST-181 (one). Five novel ribotype/sequence type (RT/ST) associations: RT011/ST-137, RT035/ST-107, RT091/ST-107, RT604/ST-177 and RT604/ST-181 were identified and the first three are linked to ribotypes previously uncharacterised by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Nine of the genomes belong to Clade 1 and two are closely related to the cryptic C-I clade. Diverse multiple prophages and CRISPR-Cas systems (class 1 subtype I-B1 and class 2 type V CRISPR-Cas systems) with spacers identical to other C. difficile phages and plasmids were detected in the genomes. Our data show the broader diversity that exists within environmental C. difficile strains from a much less studied location and their potential role in evolution and emergence of new strains.

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“…Immunity at the cell and population level is considered the primary purpose of CRISPR-Cas (Edgar and Qimron 2010 ; Cady et al 2012 ; Strotskaya et al 2017 ; Watson et al 2019 ; Deem 2020 ). In fact, since 2007 (Barrangou et al 2007 ), many studies have proven this defensive role in prokaryotes.…”

Section: Functions Of Crispr-cas Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digging into the lesser-known aspects of CRISPR biology

2021

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A long time has passed since regularly interspaced DNA repeats were discovered in prokaryotes. Today, those enigmatic repetitive elements termed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are acknowledged as an emblematic part of multicomponent CRISPR-Cas (CRISPR associated) systems. These systems are involved in a variety of roles in bacteria and archaea, notably, that of conferring protection against transmissible genetic elements through an adaptive immune-like response. This review summarises the present knowledge on the diversity, molecular mechanisms and biology of CRISPR-Cas. We pay special attention to the most recent findings related to the determinants and consequences of CRISPR-Cas activity. Research on the basic features of these systems illustrates how instrumental the study of prokaryotes is for understanding biology in general, ultimately providing valuable tools for diverse fields and fuelling research beyond the mainstream.

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CRISPR recognizes as many phage types as possible without overwhelming the Cas machinery

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Characterization of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Shewanella algae and Shewanella haliotis: Insights into the Adaptation and Survival of Marine Pathogens

Characterization of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Shewanella algae and Shewanella haliotis: Insights into the Adaptation and Survival of Marine Pathogens

Novel ribotype/sequence type associations and diverse CRISPR-Cas systems in environmental Clostridioides difficile strains from northern Iraq

Digging into the lesser-known aspects of CRISPR biology

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