CRISPR/Cas9 to generate plant immunity against pathogen

Zaynab, Madiha; Sharif, Yasir; Fatima, Mahpara; Afzal, Muhammad; Aslam, Mehtab Muhammad; Raza, Muhammad Fahad; Anwar, Muhammad; Raza, Muhammad Ammar; Sajjad, Nelam; Yang, Xiao; Li, Shuangfei

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.103996

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This raises an intriguing hypothesis: the introduction of same-site mutations of cals3m into other native CalS genes that are quickly and dramatically induced by pathogen attacks, may function similarly as cals3m , precluding the introduction of an exogenous gene resource. CRISPR technology is a suitable choice for gene editing (Zaynab et al, 2020 ). For instance, it was reported that the expression levels of CalS1 and CalS12 were highly induced in response to biotic stresses (Dong et al, 2008 ; Cui and Lee, 2016 ).…”

Section: Strategies For Improving Disease Resistance Of Hosts By Modulating Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodesmata-Involved Battle Against Pathogens and Potential Strategies for Strengthening Hosts

2021

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Plasmodesmata (PD) are membrane-lined pores that connect adjacent cells to mediate symplastic communication in plants. These intercellular channels enable cell-to-cell trafficking of various molecules essential for plant development and stress responses, but they can also be utilized by pathogens to facilitate their infection of hosts. Some pathogens or their effectors are able to spread through the PD by modifying their permeability. Yet plants have developed various corresponding defense mechanisms, including the regulation of PD to impede the spread of invading pathogens. In this review, we aim to illuminate the various roles of PD in the interactions between pathogens and plants during the infection process. We summarize the pathogenic infections involving PD and how the PD could be modified by pathogens or hosts. Furthermore, we propose several hypothesized and promising strategies for enhancing the disease resistance of host plants by the appropriate modulation of callose deposition and plasmodesmal permeability based on current knowledge.

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Section: Strategies For Improving Disease Resistance Of Hosts By Modulating Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodesmata-Involved Battle Against Pathogens and Potential Strategies for Strengthening Hosts

2021

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“…They cause numerous diseases such as mildews, smuts, blights, rusts, and rots. Additionally, some fungal pathogens also produce mycotoxins, which can cause severe human and animal health problems ( Borrelli et al, 2018 ; Yin and Qiu, 2019 ; Zaynab et al, 2020 ). Diverse fungal lifestyles and high genetic flexibility allow fungi to adapt to new hosts, break resistance (R) gene-mediated resistance, and evolve resistance to fungicides, making disease control challenging ( Yin and Qiu, 2019 ).…”

Section: Plant Genome Editing To Improve Disease Resistance Against Fungal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increasing number of recent reports for plant genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system indicates that this approach is practical to apply due to its higher success rate and ease of use. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been applied to enhance multiple beneficial traits of plants including the improvement of disease resistance ( Borrelli et al, 2018 ; Langner et al, 2018 ; Yin and Qiu, 2019 ; Zaynab et al, 2020 ). In addition to applications in plants, genes encoding proteins that interact between host plants and fungal and oomycete pathogens have been targeted by CRISPR/Cas9 to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of host-pathogen recognition and to generate screening systems for disease resistance ( Fang and Tyler, 2016 ; Li et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, most reviews of plant disease resistance using the CRISPR/Cas9 system have focused primarily on plant genome modifications ( Borrelli et al, 2018 ; Langner et al, 2018 ; Yin and Qiu, 2019 ; Zaynab et al, 2020 ). In this review, we provide an overview of studies using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of host plants and fungal/oomycete pathogens for improving disease resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant and Fungal Genome Editing to Enhance Plant Disease Resistance Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

et al. 2021

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Crop production has been substantially reduced by devastating fungal and oomycete pathogens, and these pathogens continue to threaten global food security. Although chemical and cultural controls have been used for crop protection, these involve continuous costs and time and fungicide resistance among plant pathogens has been increasingly reported. The most efficient way to protect crops from plant pathogens is cultivation of disease-resistant cultivars. However, traditional breeding approaches are laborious and time intensive. Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been utilized to enhance disease resistance among different crops such as rice, cacao, wheat, tomato, and grape. This system allows for precise genome editing of various organisms via RNA-guided DNA endonuclease activity. Beyond genome editing in crops, editing the genomes of fungal and oomycete pathogens can also provide new strategies for plant disease management. This review focuses on the recent studies of plant disease resistance against fungal and oomycete pathogens using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. For long-term plant disease management, the targeting of multiple plant disease resistance mechanisms with CRISPR/Cas9 and insights gained by probing fungal and oomycete genomes with this system will be powerful approaches.

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“…These factors attenuate plant development and growth, which can badly affect plant productivity and yield quality [ 2 ]. Therefore, it is important to understand the stress damage and stress response mechanisms in plants to improve their resistance level [ 3 , 4 ]. The signal transduction pathway is verified to be essential in plant growth and stress resistance [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Expression Profiling Revealed Its Role in Regulating Stress Responses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Zaynab

Hussain

Sharif

et al. 2021

Plants

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are the universal signal transduction networks that regulate cell growth and development, hormone signaling, and other environmental stresses. However, their essential contribution to plant tolerance is very little known in the potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant. The current study carried out a genome-wide study of StMAPK and provided a deep insight using bioinformatics tools. In addition, the relative expression of StMAPKs was also assessed in different plant tissues. The similarity search results identified a total of 22 StMAPK genes in the potato genome. The sequence alignment also showed conserved motif TEY/TDY in most StMAPKs with conserved docking LHDXXEP sites. The phylogenetic analysis divided all 22 StMAPK genes into five groups, i.e., A, B, C, D, and E, showing some common structural motifs. In addition, most of the StMAPKs were found in a cluster form at the terminal of chromosomes. The promoter analysis predicted several stress-responsive Cis-acting regulatory elements in StMAPK genes. Gene duplication under selection pressure also indicated several purifying and positive selections in StMAPK genes. In potato, StMAPK2, StMAPK6, and StMAPK19 showed a high expression in response to heat stress. Under ABA and IAA treatment, the expression of the total 20 StMAPK genes revealed that ABA and IAA played an essential role in this defense process. The expression profiling and real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) exhibited their high expression in roots and stems compared to leaves. These results deliver primary data for functional analysis and provide reference data for other important crops.

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CRISPR/Cas9 to generate plant immunity against pathogen

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Plasmodesmata-Involved Battle Against Pathogens and Potential Strategies for Strengthening Hosts

Plasmodesmata-Involved Battle Against Pathogens and Potential Strategies for Strengthening Hosts

Plant and Fungal Genome Editing to Enhance Plant Disease Resistance Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Expression Profiling Revealed Its Role in Regulating Stress Responses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

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