CRISPR/Cas9-mediated viral interference in plants

Ali, Zahir; Abulfaraj, Aala A.; Idris, A. M.; Ali, Shawkat; Tashkandi, Manal; Mahfouz, Magdy M.

doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0799-6

Cited by 429 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Spray-induced gene silencing strategy utilizing dsRNAs and small RNAs targeting pathogen genes has also been successful against Botrytis cinerea [161]. More recently genomeediting technologies such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 have been used in plant crop improvement, plant-breeding and enhanced pathogen resistance [162][163][164]. CRISPR/Cas9 has been successfully used to target TYLCV genome.…”

Section: Current and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other alternatives include functional stacking of R-genes that has been successfully used in potato and tomato [152][153][154] and targeting the susceptible genes can result in a more broad-spectrum and durable type of resistance [155]. Furthermore, there has been increase resistance against some pathogens in tomato by transferring the R-genes from other plant species like pepper and potato [156,157] [162][163][164]. CRISPR/Cas9 has been successfully used to target TYLCV genome.…”

Section: Current and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance-Gene-Mediated Defense Responses against Biotic Stresses in the Crop Model Plant Tomato

Chaudhary¹,

Hs²

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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Complex series of defense response activation, consistent with the studies conducted in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, has been demonstrated in tomato during incompatible pathogen/pest interactions. During the past two decades, numerous tomato genes have been identified conferring resistance to diverse pathogens/ pests in a gene-for-gene manner. A few of these cloned resistance (R)-genes (Cf and Pto) have been extensively studied and excellent existing reviews describe R-gene function, interacting proteins and the mechanism of Avirulence effector perception. Recent comprehensive gene expression analysis of tomato responses to biotic stresses resulted in identification of genes and potential molecular processes that are associated with several of the tomato R-genemediated resistance responses. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of tomato R-gene-mediated defense responses to different pathogens/pests together with the components involved in the organization of this highly complex network of plant defenses. Global transcriptome profiling is an important initial step for dissecting biological systems particularly with systems where not much is known about the molecular basis of the resistance response. The enrichment of the tomato EST databases initiated several genomewide profiling studies [32][33][34][35]. This facilitated significant progress in the characterization of tomato incompatible responses to Avr pathogens, contributing to future gene identification and to the understanding of the potential molecular processes that are associated with the different tomato R-gene-mediated resistances [33]. With the advent of next generation sequencing technologies, and the tomato genome sequence [36], additional genome wide studies have been conducted. With a genome sequence and a high-density linkage and molecular maps [37], combined with being a host for numerous pathogens and pests, tomato has emerged as a powerful model system for crop plant defense response studies. Moreover, the introgression of R-genes from wild species into cultivated tomato provides a unique opportunity to study different resistance mechanisms against very diverse biotic agents in a single plant. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of R-genes in tomato and the downstream signaling components that are critical for activating defense responses. In addition, we discuss the current and future technologies that will significantly enhance our knowledge about tomato-pathogen interactions and will provide alternative strategies to develop a sustainable resistance. Tomato Resistance Genes and their Modes of ActionHost resistance is an important component of a sustainable disease management system [38]. It is an environmentally benign method that can be used as an alternative to chemicals, as their applicability against Verticillium. The Ve locus contains two closely linked and inversely oriented genes, Ve1 and Ve2, both encoding a RLP-type cell surface receptor. Ve1 R-gene provides resistance against ra...

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Section: Current and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance-Gene-Mediated Defense Responses against Biotic Stresses in the Crop Model Plant Tomato

Chaudhary¹,

Hs²

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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“…During subsequent infections, spacers are transcribed as part of the CRISPR array; after transcription and maturation, CRISPR RNA guides the Cas9 endonuclease to scan invading DNA and cleave the target sequence [156] at a site preceding the protospacer associated motif (PAM), a trinucleotide sequence that is recognized by Cas9 and necessary for its binding to target DNA. Ali et al [4,5] showed that CRISPR/Cas9 technology could impart molecular immunity against three geminiviruses i.e., Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Beet curly top virus (BCTV), and Merremia mosaic virus (MeMV) in N. benthamiana plants [4], and revealed that a sgRNA designed to target a conserved sequence (TAATATTAC) in the viral intergenic region could be used to target multiple geminiviruses simultaneously [4]. This sequence is conserved among geminiviruses and betasatellites of begomoviruses [57].…”

Section: Molecular Based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging threats of begomoviruses to the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops and their management strategies

Saeed

Samad

2017

VirusDis.

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Begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) are responsible for extreme yield reduction in a number of economically important crops including medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). Emergence of new variants of viruses due to recombination and mutations in the genomes, modern cropping systems, introduction of susceptible plant varieties, global trade in agricultural products, and changes in climatic conditions are responsible for aggravating the begomovirus problems during the last two decades. This review summaries the current research work on begomoviruses affecting MAPs and provides various traditional and advanced strategies for the management of begomoviruses and vector in MAPs.

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“…Ali et al (2015) performed experiment to demonstrate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 against tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants and their results exhibited profound evidence of interference against viral DNA by use of guide RNA mediated through Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Ali et al (2015) engineered tobacco rattle virus (TRV) with sgRNA specific for TYLCV into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and infiltrated it into plant. Accumulation of TYLCV was found less in plants infiltrated with sgRNA then in control plant (Ali et al, 2015).…”

Section: Use Of Crispr/cas9 On Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ali et al (2015), Baltes et al (2015), Ji et al (2015) explained the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technique for protection of plants against geminiviruses. Ali et al (2015) performed experiment to demonstrate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 against tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants and their results exhibited profound evidence of interference against viral DNA by use of guide RNA mediated through Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Ali et al (2015) engineered tobacco rattle virus (TRV) with sgRNA specific for TYLCV into Agrobacterium tumefaciens and infiltrated it into plant.…”

Section: Use Of Crispr/cas9 On Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Crispr/Cas9 for Development of Disease Resistant Cultivars in Plant Breeding

Ghimire

2017

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Crop protection against pests and diseases is a major challenge in agriculture. Plant breeding is a key solution for the development of disease resistant cultivars. Gene editing is an indispensable part of plant breeding to obtain desirable traits in crops. CRISPR (Clustered Regular Interspaced Palindromic Repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein) is a recent breakthrough in gene editing technology. It can be utilized to exploit defensive mechanism in plants against pathogen attack with recognition and degradation of the invading pathogenic genes by bacterial immune system. Advances in plant breeding with integration of CRISPR/Cas9 have facilitated the production of cultivars with heritable resistance to viral and bacterial disease. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genetically engineered resistance can be inherited to further generation of crops after segregation of Cas9/sgRNA transgene in F1 generation. The segregation of Cas9/sgRNA transgene prevents undesirable genome modification in successive generation and makes use of CRISPR/Cas9 safe in plant breeding. CRISPR/Cas9 proves itself as a fascinating tool to revolutionize plant breeding for the development of various disease resistant cultivars however, effects of CRISPR/Cas9 system on different physiological process of plants still need to be studied.

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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated viral interference in plants

Cited by 429 publications

References 43 publications

Resistance-Gene-Mediated Defense Responses against Biotic Stresses in the Crop Model Plant Tomato

Resistance-Gene-Mediated Defense Responses against Biotic Stresses in the Crop Model Plant Tomato

Emerging threats of begomoviruses to the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops and their management strategies

Use of Crispr/Cas9 for Development of Disease Resistant Cultivars in Plant Breeding

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