CRISPR/Cas9‐based knockout reveals that the clock gene <i>timeless</i> is indispensable for regulating circadian behavioral rhythms in <i>Bombyx mori</i>

Nartey, Moses A.; Sun, Xia; Qin, Sheng; Hou, Chengxiang; Li, Muwang

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12864

Cited by 25 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Moreover, a fundamental role of TIM and PER in this circadian output has been recently confirmed in B. mori Bmtim and Bmper KO mutants (Ikeda et al, 2019;Nartey et al, 2020). In particular, Bmtim KO egg-hatching activity was significantly different compared to that of the wild-type, when monitored every 4 h in 12:12 LD and DD conditions, suggesting an egg-hatching rhythm alteration in Bmtim KO individuals (Nartey et al, 2020). Additionally, an accurate analysis was performed on Bmper KO mutants, recording hatching every 30 min, in both 12:12 LD and DD regimes (Ikeda et al, 2019).…”

Section: The Circadian Clock During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…It is worthy to mention that Bm per KD lines exhibited a reduction in developmental time which did not affect silk productivity parameters ( Sandrelli et al, 2007 ). Thus, the employment of genome editing techniques which generated Bm per and Bm tim KO B. mori mutants ( Ikeda et al, 2019 ; Nartey et al, 2020 ) for producing a battery of silkworm lines carrying mutations in different clock genes might permit an efficient evaluation of these aspects in B. mori .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antheraea pernyi transplantation experiments demonstrated that the circadian clock controlling egg-hatching rhythm resides in the brain (Sauman and Reppert, 1998). Moreover, a fundamental role of TIM and PER in this circadian output has been recently confirmed in B. mori Bmtim and Bmper KO mutants (Ikeda et al, 2019;Nartey et al, 2020). In particular, Bmtim KO egg-hatching activity was significantly different compared to that of the wild-type, when monitored every 4 h in 12:12 LD and DD conditions, suggesting an egg-hatching rhythm alteration in Bmtim KO individuals (Nartey et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Circadian Clock During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…More recently, a cycling expression of several clock genes, including Bm per , Bm tim , Bm cry1 , Bm cry2 , and BmClk was demonstrated in B. mori embryos under both LD and DD conditions ( Xu et al, 2011 ; Tao et al, 2017 ; Ikeda et al, 2019 ; Nartey et al, 2020 ). Additionally, immunolocalization studies showed BmPER nuclear translocation after a transient light pulse in late-stage embryonic heads, suggesting that a molecular feedback loop including Bm per controls egg-hatching rhythm in B. mori ( Tao et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: The Circadian System In Lepidopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NMD is a protecting mechanism acting as mRNA surveillance, which induces the degradation of mRNAs carrying non-sense mutations in all eukaryotes, including B. mori ( Houseley and Tollervey, 2009 ; Komoto et al, 2009 ). NMD might also explain the low Bm tim expression levels detected in Bm tim KO embryos in both LD and DD regimes ( Nartey et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: The Circadian System In Lepidopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Circadian Clock in Lepidoptera

Brady

Saviane²,

Cappellozza³

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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With approximately 160,000 identified species of butterflies and moths, Lepidoptera are among the most species-rich and diverse insect orders. Lepidopteran insects have fundamental ecosystem functions as pollinators and valuable food sources for countless animals. Furthermore, Lepidoptera have a significant impact on the economy and global food security because many species in their larval stage are harmful pests of staple food crops. Moreover, domesticated species such as the silkworm Bombyx mori produce silk and silk byproducts that are utilized by the luxury textile, biomedical, and cosmetics sectors. Several Lepidoptera have been fundamental as model organisms for basic biological research, from formal genetics to evolutionary studies. Regarding chronobiology, in the 1970s, Truman’s seminal transplantation experiments on different lepidopteran species were the first to show that the circadian clock resides in the brain. With the implementation of molecular genetics, subsequent studies identified key differences in core components of the molecular circadian clock of Lepidoptera compared to the dipteran Drosophila melanogaster, the dominant insect species in chronobiological research. More recently, studies on the butterfly Danaus plexippus have been fundamental in characterizing the interplay between the circadian clock and navigation during the seasonal migration of this species. Moreover, the advent of Next Generation Omic technologies has resulted in the production of many publicly available datasets regarding circadian clocks in pest and beneficial Lepidoptera. This review presents an updated overview of the molecular and anatomical organization of the circadian clock in Lepidoptera. We report different behavioral circadian rhythms currently identified, focusing on the importance of the circadian clock in controlling developmental, mating and migration phenotypes. We then describe the ecological importance of circadian clocks detailing the complex interplay between the feeding behavior of these organisms and plants. Finally, we discuss how the characterization of these features could be useful in both pest control, and in optimizing rearing of beneficial Lepidoptera.

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Section: The Circadian Clock During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Circadian Clock During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Circadian System In Lepidopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Circadian System In Lepidopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Circadian Clock in Lepidoptera

Brady

Saviane²,

Cappellozza³

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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The clock gene Cryptochrome 1 is involved in the photoresponse of embryonic hatching behavior in Bombyx mori

Yuan

Luo

Zhao

et al. 2023

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The hatching of insect eggs is a classic circadian behavior rhythm controlled by the biological clock. Its function is considered to impose a daily rhythm on the embryo, allowing it to hatch within a permissible time window. However, the molecular pathways through which the clock affects embryonic hatching behavior remain unclear. Here, we utilized a clock gene Cryptochrome1 (Cry1) knockout mutant to dissect the pathways by which the circadian clock affects embryonic hatching rhythm in the silkworm. In the Cry1 mutant, the embryo hatching rhythm was disrupted. Under the constant light or constant dark incubation conditions, mutant embryos lost their hatching rhythm, while wild‐type embryos hatch exhibiting free‐running rhythm. In the light‐dark cycle (LD), the hatching rhythm of CRY1‐deficient silkworms could not be entrained by the LD photoperiod during the incubation period. The messenger RNA levels and enzymatic activities of Cht and Hel in the mutant embryos were significantly reduced at circadian time 24 (CT24). Transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression at CT24 between the Cry1 knockout mutant and the wild‐type, with 2616 differentially expressed genes identified. The enriched Gene Ontology pathway includes enzyme activity, energy availability, and protein translation. Short neuropeptide F signaling was reduced in the CT24 embryonic brain of the mutant, the expression of the neuropeptide PTTH was also reduced and the rhythm was lost, which further affects ecdysteroid signaling. Our results suggested that the silkworm circadian clock affects neuropeptide‐hormone signaling as well as physiological functions related to hatching, which may regulate the hatching rhythm.

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Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

Liu

Cai

Zhu

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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Background Circadian rhythms are physical and behavioral changes that follow the 24‐h cycle of Earth's light and temperature and are regulated by clock genes. Timeless (Tim) has been identified as a canonical clock gene in some insects, however, its functions have been little studied in lepidopteran pests. Results To investigate Tim (HaTim) gene function in Helicoverpa armigera, an important lepidopteran pest, we obtained the HaTim mutant using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system. Our results showed that the transcript levels of HaTim rhythmically peaked at night in heads of the wild larvae and adult, and the diel expression of HaTim was sensitive to photoperiod and temperature. The expression rhythms of other clock genes, such as HaPer, HaCry1, HaCry2 and HaCwo, were disturbed in the HaTim mutant larvae, as that stage is a sensitivity period for diapause induction. Fifth‐instar wild‐type larvae could be induced to pupate in diapause under a short‐day photoperiod and low temperature, however, fifth‐instar HaTim mutant larvae could not be induced under the same conditions. In addition, the emergence of wild‐type adults peaked early at night, but the rhythm was disturbed in the HaTim mutant with arrhythmic expression of some clock genes, such as HaPer, HaCry1 and HaCwo in adults. Conclusion Our results suggest that the clock gene Tim is involved in diapause induction and adult emergence in H. armigera, and is a potential target gene for controlling pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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CRISPR/Cas9‐based knockout reveals that the clock gene timeless is indispensable for regulating circadian behavioral rhythms in Bombyx mori

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

The Circadian Clock in Lepidoptera

The Circadian Clock in Lepidoptera

The clock gene Cryptochrome 1 is involved in the photoresponse of embryonic hatching behavior in Bombyx mori

Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

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