CRISPR/Cas9 application in cancer therapy: a pioneering genome editing tool

Baghini, Sadegh Shojaei; Gardanova, Zhanna R.; Abadi, Saeme Azizi Hassan; Zaman, Burhan Abdullah; İlhan, Ahmet; Shomali, Navid; Adili, Ali; Moghaddar, Roozbeh; Yaseri, Amirhossein Fakhre

doi:10.1186/s11658-022-00336-6

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 334 publications

(284 reference statements)

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“…Cells in a state of hypoxia undergo anaerobic metabolism to produce energy to maintain metabolic activity. Due to the insufficiency of carbohydrates during the early stage of tumor tissue, cancer cells may activate FASN to produce long-chain fatty acids as an energy alternate for survival (39)(40)(41)(42). In contrast to original breast cancers that had metastasized to other places, a recent study indicated that FASN was more significantly expressed in breast tumors that had spread to the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of fatty acid synthase in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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BackgroundAberrant expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) was demonstrated in various tumors including breast cancer. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the role of FASN in breast cancer development and its potential prognostic significance.MethodsThe Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify studies that evaluated the relationship between FASN expression and overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) of breast cancer patients. To analyze the clinicopathological and prognostic values of FASN expression in breast cancer, pooled hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were clustered based on random-effects models. To confirm whether the findings were stable and impartial, a sensitivity analysis was performed, and publication bias was estimated. Data were analyzed using Engauge Digitizer version 5.4 and Stata version 15.0.ResultsFive studies involving 855 participants were included. Patients with higher FASN expression did not have a shorter survival period compared to those with lower FASN expression (summary HR: OS, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.41-1.32; P=0.300]; DFS/RFS, 1.65 [95% CI, 0.61-4.43; P=0.323]). However, increased FASN expression was correlated with large tumor size (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.04-4.00; P=0.038), higher human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05-2.23; P=0.028). No significant associations were observed between FASN expression and histological grade (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.41-2.04; P=0.832), Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.49-2.53; P=0.795), nodal metastasis (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.84-2.38; P=0.183), Ki-67 labelling index (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.15-2.63; P=0.533), estrogen receptor (ER) status (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.61-1.32; P=0.586), or progesterone receptor (PR) status (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.29-1.56; P=0.354).ConclusionFASN is associated with HER2 expression and may contribute to tumor growth, but it has no significant impact on the overall prognosis of breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of fatty acid synthase in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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“…CRISPR/Cas9 system can modify elements of targeted DNA in a site-specific manner in live cells and, thus, drastically change the genome of tumors or other cells and acquire heritable phenotype. [850][851][852] For example, knocking down MDRassociated genes using CRISPR/Cas9 can bring edited cells resensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs and later generations. Given the characteristics of this system, CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing of tumor cells or tumor-associated cells hold more promising and effective therapeutic potential for cancer treatment (Figure 12C).…”

Section: Nps For Chemogene Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, RNA‐based gene‐silence therapy can only work temporally, necessitating frequent and long‐term treatment. CRISPR/Cas9 system can modify elements of targeted DNA in a site‐specific manner in live cells and, thus, drastically change the genome of tumors or other cells and acquire heritable phenotype 850–852 . For example, knocking down MDR‐associated genes using CRISPR/Cas9 can bring edited cells resensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs and later generations.…”

Section: Cancer Therapies Using Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and applications of nanoparticles in cancer therapy

Huang,

He,

Liang

et al. 2024

MedComm – Oncology

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Rapid growth in nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery systems holds vast promise to promote therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. Presently, a diverse array of NPs with unique properties have been developed to overcome different challenges and to achieve sophisticated delivery routes for enhancement of a series of therapies. Inspiring advances have been achieved in the field of cancer therapy using NPs. In this review, we aim to summarize the up‐to‐date progression of NPs for addressing various challenges, and expect to elicit novel and potential opportunities alternatively. We first introduce different sorts of NP technologies, illustrate their mechanisms, and present their applications. Then, the achievements made by NPs to break obstacles in delivering cargoes to specific sites through particular routes are highlighted, including long‐circulation, tumor targeting, responsive release, and subcellular localization. We subsequently retrospect recent research of NPs in different cancer treatments from single therapy, like chemotherapy, to combination therapy, like chemoradiotherapy, and to integrative therapy. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of NPs in cancer therapy, and their potential impact on the field of oncology are discussed. We believe this review can offer a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities of NPs for cancer therapy.

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“…These favorable effects were presumably caused by the overexpression of zonula occludens (ZO-1) and the downregulation of the primary regulator of EMT, zinc-finger Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences frontiersin.org E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) (Lee et al, 2018). Increasing TJ-associated protein expression and lowering ZEB1 activation reduces cell motility and invasiveness (Liu et al, 2019;Shojaei Baghini et al, 2022).…”

Section: Dclk1 Downregulation: Ongoing Clinical Trials Challenge and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic effects of DCLK1 in cancer and cancer stem cells

Chhetri

Vengadassalapathy

Venkadassalapathy

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), a protein molecule, has been identified as a tumor stem cell marker in the cancer cells of gastrointestinal, pancreas, and human colon. DCLK1 expression in cancers, such as breast carcinoma, lung carcinoma, hepatic cell carcinoma, tuft cells, and human cholangiocarcinoma, has shown a way to target the DCLK1 gene and downregulate its expression. Several studies have discussed the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation along with neoplastic cell arrest when the DCLK1 gene, which is expressed in both cancer and normal cells, was targeted successfully. In addition, previous studies have shown that DCLK1 plays a vital role in various cancer metastases. The correlation of DCLK1 with numerous stem cell receptors, signaling pathways, and genes suggests its direct or an indirect role in promoting tumorigenesis. Moreover, the impact of DCLK1 was found to be related to the functioning of an oncogene. The downregulation of DCLK1 expression by using targeted strategies, such as embracing the use of siRNA, miRNA, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, nanomolecules, specific monoclonal antibodies, and silencing the pathways regulated by DCLK1, has shown promising results in both in vitro and in vivo studies on gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. In this review, we will discuss about the present understanding of DCLK1 and its role in the progression of GI cancer and metastasis.

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CRISPR/Cas9 application in cancer therapy: a pioneering genome editing tool

Cited by 21 publications

References 334 publications

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of fatty acid synthase in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of fatty acid synthase in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Advances and applications of nanoparticles in cancer therapy

Pleiotropic effects of DCLK1 in cancer and cancer stem cells

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