“…The democratic landscape around the world today is influenced by many complex dynamics such as economic growth and inequality, conflict, innovation and new technologies, geopolitical power shifts, migration and climate change (Ercan and Gagnon, 2014; Grugel and Bishop, 2014). Many democracies face challenges like decreasing and changing forms of political engagement (McCaffrie and Akram, 2014), low levels of trust in political institutions (Dalton, 2004; Van Der Meer, 2017), dissatisfaction with the performance of democracy (Norris, 2011; Stoker, 2006), support for populist movements (Mudde, 2016) and undemocratic forms of government (Norris, 2011). The country is undergoing a political monopoly, with internal feuds among leaders and activists of the ruling party looming large ( Dhaka Tribune , 2018).…”