Crise do marxismo e stalinismo: notas sobre algumas posições de Louis Althusser – 1976-1978

Abstract

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Problemas práticos e teóricos centrais na história do movimento operário, como o stalinismo, a crise do marxismo, a crise internacional e a possibilidade de revolução se encontram, no pensamento de Althusser, estreitamente vinculados. Tais problemas giram em torno da relação entre política, Estado e Partido e recaem sobre a questão da eficácia da ideologia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Buscaremos ver de que modo se articulam estas relações a partir das intervenções mais significativas pertencentes aos “escritos da transição”, entre 1976 e 1978, com os quais Althusser se pronunciou sobre algumas questões imediatamente políticas.</span>

Louis Althusser’s Critique of the Communist Party and the Question of the Postrevolutionary State

“…While the deletion of this term seemed to be a concession to a more democratic form of communist politics, as had been demanded by the strong Euro-communist tendencies in Italy and Spain, from the perspective of Althusser and Balibar it opened the door to a stronger influence of the social-democratic and petty bourgeois ideologies in the PCF. The debate about these issues stopped abruptly in the early 1980s, but it was recently taken up in a few texts (Cavazzini 2009;Carlino 2010;Girometti 2012;Kalampokas, Betzelos, and Sotiris 2013;Motta 2014). Andrea Girometti (2012, 1) emphasizes that it is no coincidence that this debate between different strands of Marxists about the state started when a new fusion of politics and the state was being established in with the rise of neoliberalism-a phenomenon that is dominating global politics today.…”