Criminology, Gender, and Race

Chesney‐Lind, Meda; Chagnon, Nicholas

doi:10.1177/1557085116633749

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…It is crucial to note that approximately half of these studies include all male participants (Chung & Steinberg, 2006;Fabio et al, 2011;Ng, 2010;Peeples & Loeber, 1994;Rios, 2011;Shaw & McKay, 1942;Simcha-Fagan & Schwartz, 1986;Wikstr€ om & Loeber, 2000). This is a recognized concern in criminology research and juvenile justice policy (e.g., Chesney-Lind & Chagnon, 2016;Soler, Shoenberg, & Schindler, 2009), and conclusions based on these studies should be formed with this limitation in mind.…”

Section: Neighborhood Disproportion Disproportionate Lawbreaking Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Disproportion in Juvenile Justice Contact

Sharlein¹,

Engstrom²

2018

Juvenile Family Court J

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Youth from disadvantaged neighborhoods have been found to have greater rates of justice system involvement than other youth, as well as differential treatment at multiple points in the justice system process. This neighborhood disproportion stems from different rates of lawbreaking and system bias and has important implications for long‐term negative outcomes associated with juvenile justice contact. Clarity in the state of knowledge on this topic is essential to guide researchers and policymakers in addressing this critical issue. Toward these ends, we review the literature on neighborhood disproportion in juvenile justice contact, suggest directions for continued inquiry, and discuss policy implications.

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Section: Neighborhood Disproportion Disproportionate Lawbreaking Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Disproportion in Juvenile Justice Contact

Sharlein¹,

Engstrom²

2018

Juvenile Family Court J

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“…Pairwise comparisons were performed between structure 1 (“Living with both parents/without PPSU”) and the four other structures. The analyses included an interaction between gender and the respective family structure, based on research showing gender differences in outcomes, such as education, mental health problems and criminality ( Camenius & Sandman, 2021 ; Chesney-Lind & Chagnon, 2016 ; Pekkarinen, 2012 ). In the analysis, odds ratios (OR), p -values and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All analyses controlled for ethnicity (Danish origin vs. immigrants/descendants), parents’ highest level of education (primary education only vs. any additional education), parental mental disorder (any record in the PCR except F10–F19 diagnoses, which were included in the PPSU measure) and parental receipt of social benefits (≥3 consecutive years vs. <3 consecutive years). These variables have to be taken into account, as previous research has found them to be important confounders when investigating outcomes such as NEET, hospitalisation, mental health problems and criminality ( Bachman et al, 2011 ; Balsa, 2008 ; Chesney-Lind & Chagnon, 2016 ; Leis & Mendelson, 2010 ; Mock-Muñoz de Luna et al, 2019 ; Povlsen et al, 2018 ; Weissman et al, 2016 ; Yu, 2018 ). Parental mental disorders and receipt of social benefits (including unemployment benefits and early retirement but not State Education Support or parental leave) were measured in the years after the birth of the child.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problematic parental substance use, childhood family structures and adverse outcomes in young adulthood

Frederiksen,

Hesse,

Pedersen

2023

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

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Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between childhood family structures, including the presence or absence of problematic parental substance use (PPSU), and adverse outcomes during adolescence/young adulthood. Methods: The study population included 9,770 young people (aged 15–25 years) from samples drawn for two national surveys in Denmark during 2014–2015. By combining surveys with national register data, five types of childhood family structures were constructed based on whether the child experienced PPSU and/or family separation and the number of years the child lived with a parent with substance use problems. Using binary logistic regression models, the relationships between family structure and adverse outcomes in young adulthood (i.e., hospital admissions, mental disorders and criminality) were investigated. Results: Young people who experienced PPSU and did not live with both parents had higher odds of the different long-term adverse outcomes compared with young people who did not experience PPSU, and similar odds of the outcomes compared to youth who had not experienced PPSU and did not live with both parents. The highest odds of adverse outcomes were found among young people who experienced PPSU and lived with the parent with substance use problems for less than five years. Conclusions: Living with both parents protected against adverse outcomes in young adulthood, and if PPSU was present, the odds of adverse outcomes increased. The hypothesis that there would be a positive association between years living with a parent with substance use problems and adverse outcomes in young adulthood was not supported. Awareness should be raised in health service, educational and legal institutions about the risk for young people from families with PPSU who do not live with both parents.

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“……the study of women's lived experience is inextricable from other oppressions and marginalisations from which we speak and practice research, namely, what we call minoritarian perspectives, including racialised, ageist, cis and other non-bio gender identifications, ableist, regional, cultural, ethnic, socioeconomic, and non-hetero and nonhomonormative perspectives. Leavy & Harris (2018) p.44 What this means for research practice is a rejection of essentialismthe idea or assumption that all women and girls experience, desire, or conceptualise life the same way (Chesney-Lind & Chagnon, 2016;Stone, 2004). This position works well with a social constructionism epistemology that rejects the idea of inherent experience (Galbin, 2014).…”

Section: Feminist Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the reasons for the emergence of feminist perspectives in criminology is because the core ideas in the subject were located within the context of male assumptions and patriarchal bias (Mason & Stubbs, 2011). Mainstream criminological theories still fail to reflect women's knowledge and do not align with how women experience the world (Chesney- & Chagnon, 2016). Creating space to hear and believe women and respecting their 'expert status' on their own experiences is vitally important.…”

Section: Research Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death By A Thousand Cuts: Gender Microaggressions and Gendered Violence in Aotearoa New Zealand

Beaumont

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<p><strong>Gendered violence is a prevalent social issue in New Zealand. Feminist scholars have long argued that patriarchy, a socially constructed hierarchal system of oppression that positions men above women (in its most basic form), is the root cause of gendered violence (Brownmiller, 1975; Gavey, 2019a; Hunnicutt, 2009; Jordan, 2004, 2022a; Kelly, 1988; Vera-Gray, 2016). Patriarchy has been subject to challenge and resistance but this system, and the violence inherent within it, persists. My research centres women’s experiences of gender microaggressions: subtle verbal, behavioural, or environmental actions that reinforce sexism (Capodilupo et al., 2010; Sue, 2010a; Sue & Spanierman, 2020). I argue that this subtle form of gendered harm needs to be understood within a broader framework of violence and patriarchy. Guided by the ideas of critical criminology and feminist scholarship, I use a mixed methodological approach to examine women’s experiences of gender microaggressions. For the first stage of the project, I conducted an online survey that 790 women completed – I redesigned a pre-existing quantitative measure of gender microaggressions, adding qualitative reflection sections to uphold the principles of feminist consciousness-raising. For the second stage, I conducted 26 one-on-one semi-structured interviews with women to talk more in-depth about their experiences of gender microaggressions and their impact, both personally and on New Zealand society more broadly. Findings suggest that gender microaggressions are a common experience for women across New Zealand. Microaggressions typically manifest in ways that make women feel objectified, underestimated, belittled, and silenced. In alignment with current literature, data suggests that microaggressive harm is cumulative. Women discussed feeling pressured and restricted by binary gender expectations describing gender microaggressions as a tool used to “put [women] in their place”. In addition, gender microaggressions were understood by women as existing within a broader spectrum or structure of violence. Microaggressions were perceived as threats to safety and are implicated in the gendered nature of risk and responsibility in society. The social acceptability of subtle gendered violence such as gender microaggressions has far reaching implications for our understanding of and resistance to patriarchal dominance.</strong></p>

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Criminology, Gender, and Race

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Neighborhood Disproportion in Juvenile Justice Contact

Neighborhood Disproportion in Juvenile Justice Contact

Problematic parental substance use, childhood family structures and adverse outcomes in young adulthood

Death By A Thousand Cuts: Gender Microaggressions and Gendered Violence in Aotearoa New Zealand

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