Criminalizing Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Peacekeepers

Ferstman, Carla

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2351114

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While this branch of scholarship demonstrates the difficulty of prosecuting peacekeepers for their perpetration of sexual violence, it cannot explain the observed variation in SEA, and the low levels of SEA attributed to some missions are puzzling from this perspective. On a related point, it is possible that some troop contributors are more likely to prosecute peacekeepers that have been repatriated for perpetrating SEA, but systematic data on the outcomes of these cases have been difficult to collect due to inconsistent reporting and follow-up (Ferstman, 2013: 206–207). 4…”

Section: Existing Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the UN has taken a valuable initial step by publishing the TCC affiliations of alleged abusers, and this practice should continue. Naming and shaming may prompt contributing states to investigate and prosecute, and is a key tool in the repertoire of the UN’s human rights regime (Ferstman, 2013: 12). It also enriches the data that can be used to combat the problem; if certain militaries are named much more frequently than others, then the UN should be more reluctant to accept contingents from those militaries for peacekeeping duties.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Military socialization, disciplinary culture, and sexual violence in UN peacekeeping operations

Moncrief

2017

Journal of Peace Research

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The sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) of civilians by international peacekeepers is a form of post-conflict violence that is pernicious and understudied, but far from inevitable. However, there are very few cross-mission analyses of the phenomenon. This article considers whether the socialization experiences of troops in two environments, the contributing state military and the peacekeeping mission itself, help to explain the observed variation in SEA. Drawing on a dataset of SEA allegations between 2007 and 2014, as well as the first publicly available data from the United Nations that identify the nationalities of alleged perpetrators, this article analyzes the layered nature of socialization through the lens of SEA. Specifically, this article presents evidence that SEA is positively associated with disciplinary breakdowns at the peacekeeping mission’s lower levels of command, and argues that a peacekeeping mission may carry its own norms and socializing processes that either constrain or facilitate the emergence and endurance of SEA.

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Section: Existing Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%