Criminal recidivism and psychosocial adversity in offense-related subtypes of sexually abusive adolescents

Barra, Steffen; Mokros, Andreas; Landolt, Markus A.; Bessler, Cornelia; Aebi, Marcel

doi:10.1080/13552600.2020.1842922

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In recent years, research has tried to take the co-occurrence of ACEs among high-risk youth samples into account not only by creating cumulative ACE scores, but also by implementing person-centered approaches such as Latent Class Analysis (LCA) (e.g., [4,33]). Others have investigated patterns of criminal behaviors by LCA or profiles of psychiatric disturbances among delinquent youth by Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and examined their relations to cumulative ACEs [34,35]. Moreover, a growing number of studies has analyzed specific personality profiles using LPA in samples of justice-involved youth based on rather general personality traits [36] or psychopathy [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality, and Crime: Distinct Associations among a High-Risk Sample of Institutionalized Youth

Barra

Aebi

d’Huart

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Despite high rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and personality-related disturbances among delinquent juveniles, associations among ACEs, youth personality, and juvenile crime involvement are still unclear. High-risk samples of institutionalized youth are in specific need of a comprehensive assessment of ACEs and personality features in order to broaden the current knowledge on the occurrence and persistence of juvenile crime and to derive implications for prevention and intervention. We examined a heterogeneous high-risk sample of 342 adolescents (35.1% females, 64.9% males) aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 15.74, SD = 1.61 years) living in child-welfare or juvenile justice institutions regarding cumulative ACEs, psychopathic traits, temperament, and clinical personality disorder ratings, and criminal involvement before and up to 10 years after assessment. We found considerable rates of ACEs, although cumulative ACEs did not predict future crime. Latent Profile Analysis based on dimensional measures of psychopathy, temperament, and personality disorders derived six distinct personality profiles, which were differently related to ACEs, personality disturbances, clinical psychopathology, and future delinquency. A socially difficult personality profile was associated with increased risk of future crime, whereas avoidant personality traits appeared protective. Findings indicate that the role of ACEs in the prediction of juvenile delinquency is still not sufficiently clear and that relying on single personality traits alone is insufficient in the explanation of juvenile crime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality, and Crime: Distinct Associations among a High-Risk Sample of Institutionalized Youth

Barra

Aebi

d’Huart

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Notably, despite only including JSO for whom a forensic expert assessment was available, the sample appears representative regarding the proportion of foreign nationality among JSO in Switzerland (Barra et al, 2021 ). However, the current sample showed higher mean J-SOAP-II total scores (20.0 vs. 14.9) and higher rates of sexual, non-sexual violent and general recidivism compared to a population sample of Swiss JSO (Barra et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexualized Behavior Among Adolescents Who Sexually Offended

Krause¹,

Barra

Landolt

et al. 2022

Arch Sex Behav

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Early or excessive sexualized behaviors and preoccupations with sexuality (SB) exhibited by juveniles who have sexually offended (JSO) are considered risk factors for sexual recidivism. However, research into SB among JSO is scarce. The present study retrospectively examined prevalence rates and patterns of SB among JSO prior to sexual offending and their relation to psychopathology and sexual recidivism. We systematically assessed information from psychiatric and psychological expert reports in case files of 230 JSO aged 12–18 years (M = 14.46, SD = 1.49) from a population sample of JSO with contact sexual offenses. A total of 93 (40.4%) JSO exhibited SB prior to the index sexual offense. Latent class analysis revealed three SB profiles: (1) “low/no SB” (n = 188), (2) “preoccupied SB” (preoccupation with sexuality, e.g., early pornography consumption, excessive masturbation; n = 29), and (3) “dysregulated SB” (exhibiting inappropriate sexualized behaviors toward others, e.g., sexualized speech, touching others inappropriately; n = 13). The preoccupied SB and the dysregulated SB groups showed higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than the low/no SB. However, none of the JSO of the preoccupied SB or dysregulated SB groups reoffended sexually within 365 days after conviction for the sexual index offense (low/no SB: 12.8%). Overall, our findings do not support a general notion of the presence of SB as an indicator of high risk for persistent sexual offending among JSO. Instead, JSO with SB appear particularly burdened regarding a range of psychiatric disorders that should be treated accordingly.

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“…With regard to the abovementioned aims of the project, only the evaluations of those offenders who had (1) completed self-reports using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ, [ 40 , 41 ]) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AG-G, [ 42 ]), and (2) who had AQ-G inconsistency scores below 5 (see below) were considered. Starting from May 2020, the psychological/psychiatric evaluation reports of these offenders were analyzed using a specifically developed coding system based on a similar instrument that had already been successfully implemented in previous research in the context of forensic file analyses (e.g., [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]). The 44-page coding system consisted of a large number of forensically relevant variables from the following domains: (1) administrative data, (2) demographic information, (3) current/index delinquency, (4) offense analysis, (5) previous delinquency, (6) biographic/family information, (7) general and sexual development, (8) adverse childhood experiences, (9) the content of forensic evaluation, and (10) risk assessment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maltreatment–Aggression Link among Prosecuted Males: What about Psychopathy?

Woehrle

Retz-Junginger

Retz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Criminal offenders constitute a high-risk sample regarding experiences of childhood maltreatment and engagement in severe aggression. Moreover, psychopathic traits are more common in samples of offenders than non-offenders. Although research has underlined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult aggression, the influence of psychopathy on this link is still unclear. We examined the dynamics of maltreatment, aggression, and psychopathy in a mixed sample of 239 male violent, sexual, and other offenders using latent factor structural equation modeling. We found a consistent positive association of maltreatment with aggression. Psychopathy did not mediate this relation. Maltreatment was not associated with psychopathy, although psychopathy had a positive effect on aggressive behavior. These dynamics appeared similar for violent, sexual, and other offenders. However, latent variables were constructed somewhat differently depending on the offender status. For instance, sexual abuse appeared to be of specific importance in sexual offenders. Violent offenders showed high rates of psychopathy compared to sexual and other offenders. The current findings may inspire future research to focus more closely on the different subtypes of psychopathy when examining its role in the prediction of aggression based on childhood maltreatment. Moreover, childhood maltreatment must not be neglected in treatment and prevention approaches aimed at reducing the risk of aggressive behavior.

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Criminal recidivism and psychosocial adversity in offense-related subtypes of sexually abusive adolescents

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality, and Crime: Distinct Associations among a High-Risk Sample of Institutionalized Youth

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality, and Crime: Distinct Associations among a High-Risk Sample of Institutionalized Youth

Sexualized Behavior Among Adolescents Who Sexually Offended

The Maltreatment–Aggression Link among Prosecuted Males: What about Psychopathy?

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