Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Genetic Analysis and Tick Survey in Turkey

Tonbak, Şükrü; Aktaş, Münir; Altay, Kürşat; Azkur, Ahmet Kürşat; Kalkan, Ahmet; Bolat, Yusuf; Dumanlı, Nazir; Özdarendeli, Aykut

doi:10.1128/jcm.00644-06

Cited by 96 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…During the last decade, the presence of infections due to the CCHF virus has also been demonstrated in endemic regions in Turkey (8,16,23). The transmission of the infection into non-endemic areas of the country has been studied (4,6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological evidence for the presence of the infection in Turkey has long been reported (13), and the first clinical human cases were described in 2002 (WHO) (20). These first cases were from the middle Black Sea region of the country, which is endemic for the infection (16). Since 2003, an increasing number of human cases have been reported, with a fatality rate of approximately 5% (Turkish Ministry of Health).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever infection in domestic animals in Marmara region, Western Turkey

Tuncer¹,

Yeşilbağ²,

Alpay³

et al. 2014

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been an important health issue in Turkey since the last decade.Although there is a well-described endemic area, the infection tends to disseminate into non-endemic areas. In the South Marmara region, a non-endemic area, serological and virological investigations were performed to evaluate the infection status in livestock animals. Among 508 blood samples collected from 5 different locations, 33.1% were positive for CCHF-neutralizing antibodies. The highest seroprevalence rate was detected in goats (66.0%), followed by sheep (31.8%) and cattle (13.0%) (p< 0.0001). There were extensive differences in seroprevalence rates in neighboring locations, i.e., 7.8% in Keles and 47.6% in the Orhaneli district of Bursa province. Using antigen-capture ELISA (Ag-ELISA) and real-time reverse transcription PCR (rt RT-PCR), 6.6% of the tested animals were found to be viremic at the time of sampling. Two samples that were negative by Ag-ELISA produced a positive signal in rt RT-PCR, indicating the higher sensitivity of the latter method for detecting viremic animals. The results of this study demonstrate the wide distribution of CCHF virus in some locations in a non-endemic area, which may lead to the generation of focal infectious areas.Key words: Cattle, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, ELISA, real-time RT-PCR, sheep, Turkey. Marmara bölgesindeki evcil hayvanlarda Kırım-Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi enfeksiyonuÖzet: Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateşi (KKKA) son on yıllık süreç içerisinde Türkiye'de oldukça önemli bir sağlık problemi olarak gündemde yer almaktadır. Endemik bölge olarak tanımlanan alanlar dışında kalan non-endemik bölgelerde de enfeksiyonun yayılma eğiliminde olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada non-endemik bölge olarak tanımlanan Güney Marmara bölgesindeki çiftlik hayvanlarında enfeksiyon durumunu değerlendirebilmek amacıyla serolojik ve virolojik araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla 5 farklı noktadan 508 adet kan örneği toplanmıştır. Bu örneklerin %33,1'i KKKA-nötralizan antikorları yönünden pozitif çıkmıştır. En yüksek seroprevalans değeri keçilerde (%66,0) saptanırken, bu değeri sırasıyla koyunlar (%31,8) ve sığırlar (%13,0) izlemiştir (p<0,0001). Seroprevalans değerlerinde komşu bölgeler arasında büyük farklar olduğu görülmüştür. Örneğin; Keles'te %7,8 olan seroprevalans değeri Orhaneli'de %47,6 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Antijen ELISA (Ag-ELISA) ve real-time reverse transkriptaz PCR (rt RT-PCR) kullanılarak test edilen hayvanların %6,6'sının örnekleme sırasında viremi fazında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ag-ELISA ile negatif, rt RT-PCR ile pozitif sonuç veren iki örnek, ikinci metodun viremi fazındaki hayvanları saptamada daha duyarlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucu KKKA virusunun non-endemik bölgenin bazı noktalarında oldukça yaygın olduğunu ve bu noktaların enfeksiyon odağı olabileceğini göstermiştir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever infection in domestic animals in Marmara region, Western Turkey

Tuncer¹,

Yeşilbağ²,

Alpay³

et al. 2014

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of tick-borne infection cases in Turkey; thus, the scientific studies on ticks have focused mostly on CCHF cases (Tonbak et al, 2006;Albayrak et al, 2010;Gunes et al, 2011;Hekimoglu et al, 2012;Tekin et al, 2012). In fact, continuous scanning of tick distribution is crucial in order to monitor tick-borne diseases and develop effective control strategies against them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the emergence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Turkey in 2002, there have been many studies focused on CCHF cases (Tonbak et al, 2006;Albayrak et al, 2010;Tekin et al, 2012;Yesilbag et al, 2013). In spite of increased case reports of tick bites and CCHF cases, information regarding the presence and distribution of certain species is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of hard tick species in Ankara, Turkey

Hekimoğlu¹,

Ozer²

2015

Turk J Zool

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The study was performed in Ankara Province, Central Anatolia (39°56′N, 32°52′E). This province covers a total surface area of 25,938 km 2 . In the central and southern parts of the province, the climate is continental, with steppetype vegetation. However, in the northern part of the region, the climate changes to a more humid and wet Black Sea climate, and vegetation changes to forests (generally rare oak forests). Altitude varies between 900 and 2015 m above sea level, and mean annual temperature is 14.4 °C Abstract: A systematic study has been carried out on hard ticks from Ankara Province, Turkey. Between April 2010 and July 2012, 1800 tick specimens belonging to 9 species were identified at 31 locations in 9 districts. Tick species are listed as follows: Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (43.44%), Rhipicephalus bursa (36.67%), Hyalomma marginatum (8.83%), Haemaphysalis parva (6%), Hyalomma aegyptium (2.39%), Hyalomma excavatum (1.33%), Dermacentor marginatus (1.06%), Haemaphysalis punctata (0.22%), and Hyalomma detritum (0.06%). Ticks were collected from host animals and from vegetation via the flagging method. The species of the genus Rhipicephalus were present in most of the study areas, the most common being the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (20/31). Hyalomma species were mostly collected from host animals, with Hyalomma marginatum being the most common species in this genus (8.83%). We also observed seasonal variations in abundance, with the highest number in May. The district with the most abundant ticks was determined to be Kızılcahamam, which had the highest tick abundance rate of 28.6%.

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“…CCHFV has probably been circulating in Turkey for many years; however, the first CCHF cases have been CCHFV has been detected in both species (77,78).…”

Section: Cchf In Anatoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current situation of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Anatolia and Balkan Peninsula

Uyar¹,

Christova²,

Papa³

2011

Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg

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Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Genetic Analysis and Tick Survey in Turkey

Cited by 96 publications

References 20 publications

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever infection in domestic animals in Marmara region, Western Turkey

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever infection in domestic animals in Marmara region, Western Turkey

Distribution of hard tick species in Ankara, Turkey

Current situation of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Anatolia and Balkan Peninsula

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