Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Flick, Ramon; Whitehouse, Chris A.

doi:10.2174/156652405774962335

Cited by 74 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…A new immunoglobulin, Venin, which is specific to CCHFV, has been prepared from the plasma pool of boosted donors through ethanol-polyethylene glycol fractionation and an ion-exchange purification step (65). However, in the case of CCHFV, the beneficial effects of immunotherapy are extremely limited (20,66).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Risk factors and control measures for the infection abatement

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a vector-borne viral disease, widely distributed in different regions of the world. The fever is caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), which belongs to the Nairovirus genus and Bunyaviridae family. The virus is clustered in seven genotypes, which are Africa-1, Africa-2, Africa-3, Europe-1, Europe-2, Asia-1 and Asia-2. The virus is highly pathogenic in nature, easily transmissible and has a high case fatality rate of 10-40%. The reservoir and vector of CCHFV are the ticks of the Hyalomma genus. Therefore, the circulation of this virus depends upon the distribution of the ticks. The virus can be transmitted from tick to animal, animal to human and human to human. The major symptoms include headache, high fever, abdominal pain, myalgia, hypotension and flushed face. As the disease progresses, severe symptoms start appearing, which include petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis, bleeding gums and emesis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, antigen detection, serum neutralization and isolation of the virus by cell culture are the diagnostic techniques used for this viral infection. There is no specific antiviral therapy available thus far. However, ribavirin has been approved by the World Health Organization for the treatment of CCHFV infection. Awareness campaigns regarding the risk factors and control measures can aid in reducing the spread of this disease to a greater extent, particularly in developing countries.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Risk factors and control measures for the infection abatement

et al. 2015

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“…structure biology | virology C rimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tickborne virus and the causative agent of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a severe human disease that occurs in over 30 countries in Asia, the Middle East, Southeastern Europe, and Africa (1,2) and results in high mortality. There is currently no vaccine against CCHF and available therapeutic interventions are limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The high pathogenicity of CCHFV has led to it being considered as a severe public health threat and a potential bioterrorism agent in the wider world. It is therefore classified as a World Health Organization biosafety level 4 pathogen, limiting fundamental investigations in the laboratory (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleoprotein reveals endonuclease activity in bunyaviruses

Guo

Wang

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

137

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Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a virus with high mortality in humans, is a member of the genus Nairovirus in the family Bunyaviridae , and is a causative agent of severe hemorrhagic fever (HF). It is classified as a biosafety level 4 pathogen and a potential bioterrorism agent due to its aerosol infectivity and its ability to cause HF outbreaks with high case fatality (∼30%). However, little is known about the structural features and function of nucleoproteins (NPs) in the Bunyaviridae , especially in CCHFV. Here we report a 2.3-Å resolution crystal structure of the CCHFV nucleoprotein. The protein has a racket-shaped overall structure with distinct “head” and “stalk” domains and differs significantly with NPs reported so far from other negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Furthermore, CCHFV NP shows a distinct metal-dependent DNA-specific endonuclease activity. Single residue mutations in the predicted active site resulted in a significant reduction in the observed endonuclease activity. Our results present a new folding mechanism and function for a negative-strand RNA virus nucleoprotein, extend our structural insight into bunyavirus NPs, and provide a potential target for antiviral drug development to treat CCHFV infection.

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“…In the absence of a vaccine and effective antivirals, only palliative treatment is available for this disease (Soares-Weiser et al, 2010a, b). Therefore, the World Health Organization has indicated that CCHFV should be handled only in Biosafety Level 4 facilities (Flick & Whitehouse, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of the interaction domains of the Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein

Macleod

Marmor

García‐Sastre

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a member of the genus Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae, that can cause severe haemorrhagic fever in humans, with mortality rates above 30 %. CCHFV is the most widespread of the tick-borne human viruses and it is endemic in areas of central Asia, the Middle East, Africa and southern Europe. Its viral genome consists of three negative-sense RNA segments. The large segment (L) encodes a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L protein), the small segment (S) encodes the nucleocapsid protein (N protein) and the medium segment (M) encodes the envelope proteins. The N protein of bunyaviruses binds genomic RNA, forming the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. The L protein interacts with these RNP structures, allowing the initiation of viral replication. The N protein also interacts with actin, although the regions and specific residues involved in these interactions have not yet been described. Here, by means of immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays, we identified the regions within the CCHFV N protein implicated in homo-oligomerization and actin binding. We describe the interaction of the N protein with the CCHFV L protein, and identify the N-and Cterminal regions within the L protein that might be necessary for the formation of these N-L protein complexes. These results may guide the development of potent inhibitors of these complexes that could potentially block CCHFV replication.

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Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Cited by 74 publications

References 87 publications

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Risk factors and control measures for the infection abatement

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Risk factors and control measures for the infection abatement

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleoprotein reveals endonuclease activity in bunyaviruses

Mapping of the interaction domains of the Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein

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