Crime, social disorganization, and social structure: A research note on the use of interurban ecological models

Petee, Thomas A.; Kowalski, Gregory S.; Duffield, Don W.

doi:10.1007/bf02887442

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Social disorganization theory and its extensions have been developed and tested primarily in urban settings, and there has been some debate in the literature as to whether or not it is appropriate to extend the analysis of the structural factors specified by social disorganization theory to (largely) nonurban areas such as counties (Bailey, 1984;Osgood & Chambers, 2000;Petee et al, 1994). However, as Osgood and Chambers (2000) pointed out, the concept of social disorganization was originally developed by Thomas and Znaniecki (1958) to explain the impacts of migration and industrialization in urban areas in Chicago as well as in rural areas in Poland.…”

Section: Extending the Analysis Of Structural Conditions To Countiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the County-Level Structural Covariates of Police Homicides

Kaminski

2008

Homicide Studies

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Largely paralleling research on general homicides, research on the structural covariates of murders of police has been carried out at various levels of areal aggregation. However, although the general homicide research has been extended to counties in the United States, research on murders of police has yet to follow suit. To begin to fill this gap, this study extends research on the structural covariates of police homicides to the county level. Controlling for the number of law enforcement officers at risk, we find that police were more likely to be murdered in economically depressed counties and in counties with larger percentages of African Americans, persons aged 25 to 34, and nonsheriff agencies. Police homicide risk was significantly lower in urbanized counties and in counties located in the Northeast, whereas the South was no riskier than the West or Midwest. Murders of police were unrelated to population mobility, divorce, and levels of violent crime.

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Section: Extending the Analysis Of Structural Conditions To Countiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the County-Level Structural Covariates of Police Homicides

Kaminski

2008

Homicide Studies

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“…At the county level, UCR data have been used to investigate a number of policyrelated issues (Wilkinson 1984;Petee and Kowalski 1993;Petee, Kowalski et al 1994;Kposowa, Breault et al 1995). Several studies have recently examined the relationship between "right-to-carry" laws and violent crime using county-level data (Lott and Mustard 1997;Lott 1998;Lott 2000).…”

Section: B Significance Of Imputation In the Ucrmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Imputation Methodologies in the Offenses-Known Uniform Crime Reports

Targonski¹

2011

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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One of the most widely used and important sources of crime data for criminologists and criminal justice policy stakeholders is the Offenses-Known Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). However, it comes with many limitations, including missing data from non-compliant police agencies. The missing data are adjusted for by imputing data based on a cross-sectional methodology to maintain comparable trending analysis.The purpose of this study was to reexamine and recode missing data in the UCR for the years 1977-2000 for all police agencies in the United States. With the newly cleaned dataset, a clearer picture of the UCR error structure would emerge and patterns of missing data could more accurately be described. The study found that there are more missing data than identified by the FBI's quality control.The next phase of the project was to create a dataset with only full reporting agencies for a 10 year period, which would be used to test the cross-sectional method against a longitudinal method. This was done by creating simulation data sets that "punched out" the real crime values, thus artificially creating missing data. Each imputation method could then be tested by comparing the imputed value to the actual value. The overall results showed that in most circumstances, the longitudinal method was more accurate at estimating the missing crime data points.

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“…The concept of social disorganization was initially introduced by Shaw and McKay (1942), who argued that crime and delinquency can be viewed as an outcome of rapid social changes in a community, which will affect its ability to maintain social order and to exercise informal social control. More recently, social disorganization was defined by many researchers as the inability of a community to determine the common values of its residents and maintain effective social controls (Bellair, 1997; Kawachi, Kennedy, & Wilkinson, 1999; Moriarty & Williams, 1996; Petee, Kowalski, & Duffield, 1994; Rountree, Land, & Miethe, 1994; Sampson & Groves, 1989; Skogan, 1977, 1989; Taylor, 1996; Taylor & Covington, 1993; Veysey & Messner, 1991).…”

Section: Social Disorganization Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile Delinquency in Kuwait: Applying Social Disorganization Theory

Alanezi

2010

Digest Mid East Studies

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Juvenile delinquency is considered one of the most serious and challenging problems worldwide. Criminology provides a wide array of explanations for delinquency; however, the vast majority of the theories were applied and tested in Western societies. Therefore, the possibility of applying these theories to non‐Western societies is yet to be determined. This article will examine juvenile delinquency in Kuwait and will attempt to determine the relative effects of social disorganization on delinquency. The study will also test the effects of competing theories such as social control, strain, and differential association. Some researchers believe that urbanization, modernization, and social change lead to such problems. They believe that crime and delinquency can be viewed as an outcome of rapid social changes in societies, which in turn, lead to social disorganization. Faris (1948) believed that the decline of unity and harmony in a society is a major condition of social disorganization. Furthermore, Mowrer (1942) indicated that disorganization of society can produce many social problems such as divorce, delinquency, crimes, poverty, and unemployment. More recently, researchers viewed the concept of social disorganization as the inability of a local community to identify the common values of its residents and solve their problems (Bursik, 1988; Bursik & Webb, 1982). This article explores the assumptions of this theory and other theories as they relate to the Kuwaiti society.

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Crime, social disorganization, and social structure: A research note on the use of interurban ecological models

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Assessing the County-Level Structural Covariates of Police Homicides

Assessing the County-Level Structural Covariates of Police Homicides

A Comparison of Imputation Methodologies in the Offenses-Known Uniform Crime Reports

Juvenile Delinquency in Kuwait: Applying Social Disorganization Theory

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