Creep Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Powertrain Applications

Pekguleryuz, Mihriban; Kaya, Ali Arslan

doi:10.1002/adem.200300403

Cited by 384 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As a result, the introduction of thermally stable intermetallic particles to inhibit grain boundary sliding has been the guiding alloy design principle in developing creep-resistant Mg alloys. [5,11] Furthermore, a recent study [59] suggested that a highly interconnected and strong skeleton of intermetallic phase is able to effectively shield load from the softer a-Mg matrix and therefore alloys with a higher interconnectivity of intermetallic phase should have higher creep resistance than those with a lower interconnectivity. However, there are increasingly more studies [23,24,35,60,61] showing that intra-granular strengthening by solutes/precipitates also has a great influence on the creep resistance of Mg alloys.…”

Section: B Microstructure/creep Resistance Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9,10] There have been considerable efforts directed toward improving the creep resistance of Mg-Al alloys and a number of special alloys have therefore been developed. [7,11] These alloys have additional alloying elements that form either high melting point intermetallic compounds with Al to suppress the formation of Mg 17 Al 12 (elements such as Ca, RE, and Sr), or high melting point intermetallic compounds with Mg (elements including RE, Si, and Sn), or strengthening precipitates (elements such as Ca and Nd).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

Zhu

Easton

Abbott³

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

124

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Several families of magnesium die-casting alloys have been developed to operate at the elevated temperatures experienced in automotive powertrain applications. Most alloys are based on the Mg-Al system with alloying additions such as silicon, strontium, calcium, and rare earth elements (RE), although alloys with RE as the primary alloying constituent are also considered. This work presents an evaluation of the tensile properties and creep resistance of the most common magnesium die-casting alloys, in conjunction with the analysis of microstructure. The alloys investigated include AS31 (Mg-3Al-1Si), AJ52 (Mg-5Al-2Sr), MRI153A (Mg-9Al-1Ca-0.1Sr), MRI153M (Mg-8Al-1Ca-0.3Sr), MRI230D (Mg-6.5Al-2Ca-1Sn-0.3Sr), AXJ530 (Mg5Al-3Ca-0.2Sr), AE42 (Mg-4Al-2RE), AE44 (Mg-4Al-4RE), and AM-HP2+ (Mg-3.5RE-0.4Zn). It is shown that, among the various alloys evaluated, MRI230D, AXJ530, and AM-HP2+ have higher yield strength than the Al alloy A380, but the ductility is relatively low at room temperature for these alloys. In contrast, AS31 and the AE series alloys have very good room temperature ductility, but their yield strength is lower than that of A380. In terms of creep resistance, MRI230D, AXJ530, AE44, and AM-HP2+ are all comparable to the Al alloy counterpart at 423 K and 448 K (150°C and 175°C). Microstructural factors that are most important to the strength and creep resistance of the Mg die-casting alloys are discussed.

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Section: B Microstructure/creep Resistance Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

Zhu

Easton

Abbott³

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

124

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“…It is well known that alloys of Mg-Al-Ca systems may provide significant improvement in elevated temperature properties due to reduction of volume fraction of Mg 17 Al 12 phase. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Moreover, it has been reported that the content variation of rare earth elements (RE) and element Y in the magnesium alloys can influence the mechanical properties greatly, [11][12][13][14][15][16] which is mainly ascribed to the Orowan mechanism. 17,18) And, high performance Mg-Zn based alloys containing Y have been developed by Kawamura et al 19) This alloy with Y addition, prepared by extrusion process, reveals excellent mechanical properties including maximum tensile yield strength about 600 MPa and elongation about 5% at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Yttrium Element on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-5 mass%Al-3 mass%Ca Based Alloys Fabricated by Gravity Casting and Extrusion Process

et al. 2008

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The as-cast microstructure of Mg-5Al-3Ca-xY alloy consists of dendritic -Mg matrix, (Mg, Al) 2 Ca eutectic phase and Al 2 Y intermetallic compounds. These two kind of (Mg, Al) 2 Ca compounds were observed: coarse irregular-shape structure at grain boundary and fine needle-shape structure in the -Mg matrix grain. This (Mg, Al) 2 Ca phase of the extruded alloys was elongated to extrusion direction and size of this phase was refined comparing with that of as-cast alloys because of severe deformation during hot extrusion. Maximum yield and ultimate strength value of extruded alloys was 326 and 331 MPa at Mg-5Al-3Ca-3Y alloy, respectively. From these results, it is conclusively demonstrated that Y additions on Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy have more effect to improve mechanical properties.

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“…4) The additional substantial increase of magnesium alloys is achieved by utilizing the alloys for high-temperature powertrain components. 5,6) Creep strength is a major requirement for the magnesium alloys to replace the powertrain components that are currently made of cast aluminum alloys or cast iron. [7][8][9][10][11] Die-casting is a dominant processing route to produce magnesium components due to its high productivity of complex near net shape parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Calcium Additions on Creep Properties of a Die-Cast AM50 Magnesium Alloy

2008

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Tensile creep tests have been carried out for the die-cast AM50 + xCa (x ¼ 0:47, 0.95 and 1.72 mass pct) alloys in the temperatures between 423 and 523 K to elucidate the effect of calcium additions on creep properties for the AM50 alloy. The creep curve for the AM50 + xCa alloys is characterized by a minimum in the creep rate followed by an extended accelerating stage, and the decrease in creep rate during transient stage becomes pronounced with calcium concentration. The creep strengthening by calcium addition is emphasized at lower stresses and lower temperatures, resulting in the positive dependence of creep parameters, n and Q c , against calcium concentration. It is found that the eutectic intermetallic phase covering the primary grains detected in the AM50 + xCa alloys prevents the dislocation annihilation at grain boundaries. The creep strengthening by the addition of calcium results from both the solid solution strengthening of the matrix by solute calcium and the retardation of dislocation annihilation attributed to the eutectic intermetallic phase.

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Creep Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Powertrain Applications

Cited by 384 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

Evaluation of Magnesium Die-Casting Alloys for Elevated Temperature Applications: Microstructure, Tensile Properties, and Creep Resistance

The Effects of Yttrium Element on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-5 mass%Al-3 mass%Ca Based Alloys Fabricated by Gravity Casting and Extrusion Process

Effect of Calcium Additions on Creep Properties of a Die-Cast AM50 Magnesium Alloy

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