Creep properties of solid oxide fuel cell glass–ceramic seal G18

Recent developments in the preparation, characterization and applications of glass- and glass–ceramic-to-metal seals and coatings

“…Some compositions of glasses employed as sealants in SOFC are summarized in Table 2, and selected properties are provided in Table 3. Table 3 continued Glass code Metals commonly employed as interconnects in fuel cell designs include various austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, for example, Fe20Cr and FeCrAlY alloys, in addition to Ni-based superalloys, as summarized in [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], together with some BaO-free silicate glasses [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. Low-silica and silica-free borate-based compositions have also been reported [90][91][92][93].…”

“…7 [67]. Reactions do, however, become extremely critical during fuel cell operation, and cell ageing is therefore an extremely important aspect [83,[99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]. Alkali-containing glass-ceramics are generally to be avoided due to the likelihood of pronounced glassceramic-metal reactions during cell operation.…”

“…14, may also affect the long-term properties [69]. Creep of the glassceramic during service may also lead to long-term cell degradation [83]. In the case of glass sealants, maximum operating temperatures will be limited by T g of the glass.…”

Investigation of aluminosilicate as a solid oxide fuel cell refractory

“…While reactivity of glass seals with chromia containing interconnects has been addressed [52,54], the volatilization of silicon from the large class of SiO 2 glass seals and effect on fuel cell performance remains unclear. Individual research studies on this large variety of sealing glasses may be impractical; however, research focused on compositions such as G-18 [55] or other widely used commercial seals may be prudent to study. A calcium borate seal free of silicon [56] or compositional modifiers (V, Ni, Cu, Mn, Ti, Zr, Sr, Ba, Ca, Mg and B) [57] that hold the potential to lockup silica offer opportunity to mitigate concerns of silicon poisoning due to glass seals.…”

Influence of Al2O3 addition on the properties of Bi2O3–BaO–SiO2–RxOy (R=K, Zn, etc.) glass sealant

“…Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) investigated a series of BaO-CaO-SiO 2 based glass sealants [8,9]. The G18 glass, one kind of this series of sealants, has shown good performance and has been widely used [10]. Alfred University has also devoted many efforts to the glass sealants for both high and low temperature environments.…”