Creativity, innovation and the cultural economy

The disappearing arts: creativity and innovation after the creative industries

“…In the same way that associating the cultural sectors with creativity was seen as bringing them new 'friends', but ended up reducing them to an input, innovation looks set to be even more problematic (Cunningham 2006, Pratt andJeffcut, 2009).…”

“…However, in practice, particularly for policy-makers in economic development and education, this decoupling of creativity from culture, is partial rather than total, with resulting confusion about the relationship between culture, creativity and innovation (Garnham 2005, Pratt andJeffcut, 2009). …”

“…But the creativity bandwagon appears to have moved from a focus on the creative industries, to one on 'creativity', leaving the culture and creative industries, somewhat sidelined. As Pratt and Jeffcut (2009) argue one of the problems associated with the creative industries label, let alone the creative economy, was that it glossed over real differences between the constituent parts of the creative industries, with their different business models, markets and relationship to public funding. Even if we accept that an innovation discourse offers something to design or advertising, the effect on the arts, far from rescuing them from the ghetto of shrinking public funds, is to consign them to a residual role as heritage, social amelioration or enablement .…”

Social and economic drivers of land use change in the British space economy

“…The main aim of companies is to reduce the risk of market fluctuation and of being left with greater overheads (of goods in storage, or people) that are not productive (Reich, 2000). The notion of 'just in time production' is a manifestation of this.…”

“…The notion of 'just in time production' is a manifestation of this. What can be noted from many cultural businesses is that larger companies are seeking to outsource almost everything, the extreme case being where resources are pulled together for a single project (Pratt and Jeffcutt, 2009). Elsewhere, there has been much discussion of the development of project based companies where unique talent is assembled for a particular task, and disbanded directly the project is completed, after a few days or months (Grabher, 2002).…”