Creative Entrepreneurs

How entrepreneurial practices balance art and business: Insights into creative entrepreneurship in the European film industry

“…Specifically, our overarching research question asked: What practices do creative entrepreneurs adopt to balance the tension between art and business? Drawing on previous research (Dobreva & Ivanov, 2020; Gehman & Soublière, 2017; Hausmann & Heinze, 2016; Svejenova et al, 2015), we defined creative entrepreneurship as a distributed and intertemporal process of discovering, evaluating and exploiting an entrepreneurial opportunity within the cultural and creative industries related to cultural products and services and through which artists achieve autonomy and secure income . In order to tackle the overarching question, we first questioned one of the paradigmatic assumptions in the creative industries research of whether there is actually a tension between art and business.…”

“…Creative entrepreneurship is a means by which artists achieve autonomy and secure income (Svejenova et al, 2015). Other terms such as arts and cultural entrepreneurship are discussed in the literature, yet no consensual understanding has been reached so far (Hausmann & Heinze, 2016; Schulte‐Holthaus, 2018).…”

“…Schulte‐Holthaus (2018) suggests that the common denominator of various definitions of creative entrepreneurship is the process of discovering or creating opportunities out of social and cultural capital. Based on previous research (Dobreva & Ivanov, 2020; Gehman & Soublière, 2017; Hausmann & Heinze, 2016; Svejenova et al, 2015), and acknowledging that cultural industries represent a subset of creative industries (Hausmann & Heinze, 2016), we define creative entrepreneurship as a process of discovering, evaluating and exploiting an entrepreneurial opportunity within the cultural and creative industries related to cultural products and services and through which artists achieve autonomy and secure income .…”

“…Two decades of creative entrepreneurship research have passed, and still relatively little is known about this field of inquiry (Chang & Wyszomirski, 2015; Dobreva & Ivanov, 2020; Schulte‐Holthaus, 2018). Creative entrepreneurship is a process of discovering, evaluating and exploiting an entrepreneurial opportunity within the cultural and creative industries related to cultural products and services and through which artists achieve autonomy and secure income (Dobreva & Ivanov, 2020; Gehman & Soublière, 2017; Hausmann & Heinze, 2016; Svejenova et al, 2015). Creative industries—industries that supply goods and services associated with ‘cultural, artistic, or entertainment value’ (Caves, 2000, p. 1)—are pervaded with tensions and paradoxes such as novelty versus familiarity, tradition versus innovation, autonomy versus collaboration and change versus stability (DeFillippi et al, 2007; Jones et al, 2016; Lampel et al, 2000).…”

Developing creativity in practice: Explorations with world-renowned chefs

“…For haute cuisine chefs, who may be considered artisans or even artists (Stierand and Lynch, 2008), creativity is an identity through which they understand the theories they hold about themselves in relation to others (creative workers and consumers) and their domain (Elsbach and Flynn, 2013). Moreover, creativity is an external expectation because haute cuisine is an exemplar of the creative and cultural industries where creative production is expected by both appropriate observers (gatekeepers) and paying customers (DeFillippi et al, 2007; Messeni Petruzzelli and Savino, 2014; Svejenova et al, 2013). In 2010, United Nations Educational, Scientific Cultural Organization (UNESCO) formally acknowledged haute cuisine as part of the creative and cultural industries by adding the French gastronomic meal to its ‘Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity’ (UNESCO, 2010).…”