Creative and Culture Industry in Baltic Sea Region Condition and Future

Abstract

The creative industries are recognized as one of the most perspective sectors of the economy with high potential to both contribute to local and regional prosperity and employment generation. Globally, the cultural and creative industries (CCIs, or culture and creative sector) became a large part of the economy in the first decade of the 21st century. They made a 3% contribution to the global economy. They generate US $2250 billion and create 29.5 million jobs worldwide. In parallel to economic benefits, the cultural and creative sectors also deliver benefits to people. They foster sustainable urban development, creativity, and culture. Furthermore, they support the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. Creativity and culture also have significant intangible value. They promote social inclusion and encourage dialogue and understanding between people. Culture is both a driver and an enabler of sustainable human development. It empowers people to take responsibility for their own development and boosts innovation and creativity, which can drive inclusive and sustainable development. The presence of CCI in a particular area is an important factor of competitiveness, image, and economic development. This paper presents the results of a study on the determinants of the development of creative industries in the Baltic Sea Region. The summary of the main results of the study focuses on the economic importance, innovation in creative enterprises, and the needs of organizations to grow. It shows that creative industries, which are characterized by rather small entities and elastic work organizations, acquire new ideas and approaches primarily through the mobility of independent employees. Since creative industries make a decisive contribution to the competitiveness of the national innovation system and enhance sustainable growth at the same time, it concludes with implications and challenges for regional innovation policies to improve the framework conditions for creative industries. This article presents the conclusions of research that was conducted in four countries of the Baltic Sea Region (Germany, Sweden, Lithuania, and Poland). The research was conducted by using a Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) survey. A total of 682 correctly completed questionnaires were obtained. The results were subjected to statistical inference, in which the technique of detecting hidden interdependencies between the examined phenomena using the V-Cramer method was also applied. The main aim of this article is to verify the state of the creative industry in the Baltic Sea Region. And the research hypothesis is that the organizations of creative sectors are doing well in turbulent circumstances, and, by doing so, they continually enhance the realization of sustainability goals.

Polarization of Living Standards among Administrative Units Engaged in Cross-Border Cooperation—The Example of Polish Municipalities of Euroregion Baltic

“…With a larger number of residential properties on the regional level, housing overcrowding indicators showed improvement (the set of diagnostic variables included number of people per room). The same 15-year period also saw progress in terms of entrepreneurship and social engagement [78,79].…”

The Creative Services Sector in Polish Cities

“…The largest number of cities are on the level between 2.5-3. The highest assessed variable is C5-the presence of organisations in the city dealing with audio-visual media (3,48) and C4-the presence of organizations in the city dealing with performance art (3,36). The lowest assessed variables are: C2-the presence of organizations in the city from a group of cultural cities-2.51 and C8-the presence of organizations in the city dealing with design (2,7).…”

“…The contribution of the creative sector to the economy offers creative products and services to the customer as well as direct and indirect influence by the creative sector on other areas of the economy, for example as a result of cross innovations and collaborations between an organisation and suppliers and customers [43][44][45][46]. It is not easy to measure the activities in the creative sector [47,48]. When we speak about R&D we can measure it using the innovation indicator [49].…”

The Sharing Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility: The Example of the Czech Republic

“…The attitudes of the respondents to the abovementioned statements were ascertained during primary research using computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI), which represents a modern method of collecting data via questionnaires provided via the internet [100]. This method was chosen in view of the fact that it is a relatively cheap, fast, and reliable method, which makes it possible to reach a large and dispersed group of respondents [101,102]. The electronic questionnaire was made available to respondents from September to October 2019 via the LimeSurvey application.…”