Creation and micropropagation of polyploids in <i>Cymbidium hybridum</i>

Xie, Li; Zhou, Suping; Wang, M. G.; Zeng, Rongfeng; Guo, Herong; Zhang, Z. S.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2017.1167.16

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…We believe that the increased PLB induction rate could be due to the increased stem nodes in tetraploid plantlets. As a result, the proliferation coefficients of tetraploid PLBs were higher compared with that of the diploid, which was similar to the results of Xie et al (2017), who indicated that the proliferation rates of tetraploid PLBs were higher than those of triploids and diploids in Cymbidium hybridum. This is likely related to the increased cell size of tetraploid plantlets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Pham¹,

Li²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

horts

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Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a famous traditional Chinese medicinal plant. It produces various phytochemicals, particularly polysaccharides, which have nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. To increase its biomass production and polysaccharide content, our breeding program has generated a series of polyploid cultivars through colchicine treatment of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). The present study compared two tetraploid cultivars, 201-1-T1 and 201-1-T2, with their diploid parental cultivar, 201-1, in an established in vitro culture system. Tetraploid ‘201-1-T1’ and ‘201-1-T2’ had shorter leaves and shorter and thicker stems and roots, and they produced higher biomass compared with the diploid cultivar. The length and width of stomata significantly increased, but stomatal density decreased in tetraploid cultivars. The PLB induction rates from the stem node explants of the tetraploid cultivars were significantly higher than those of diploid. However, the PLB proliferation of tetraploids was lower than that of the diploid. The mean number of plantlets regenerated from tetraploid PLBs was also lower than that of the diploid after 4 months of culture. Polysaccharide contents in stems, leaves, and roots of 6-month-old tetraploid plantlets were significantly higher than those of diploids. The polysaccharide content in the stem of ‘201-1-T1’ was 12.70%, which was a 2-fold increase compared with the diploid cultivar. Our results showed that chromosome doubling could be a viable way of improving D. officinale in biomass and polysaccharide production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Pham¹,

Li²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

horts

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“…To improve its ornamental value, many hybrids have been developed from the original 44 species (Obara-Okeyo and Kako, 1998). Additionally, polyploid cymbidiums have been explored asexually through somatic cell chromosome doubling (Wimber and Van Cott, 1966;Kim et al, 1997;Yin et al, 2010; Ji et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011;Xie et al, 2017). However, sexual polyploidization through unreduced gametes has not been reported in Cymbidium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micropropagation has been the main method of propagating orchids (Chugh et al, 2009). Somatic polyploidization has been shown to significantly reduce regeneration ability of orchids (Xie et al, 2017;Pham et al, 2019). For example, colchicine induced triploid Cymbidium hybridum plants had decreased protocorm-like body (rhizome) proliferation and shoot regeneration (Xie et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cymbidium Swartz, or boat orchid, is a genus of evergreen flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. It is mainly native to China and northern Asia and is one of the most important orchids produced commercially as cut flowers and potted flowering plants around the world (Xie et al, 2017). There are 44 recognized species (Griffiths and Huxley, 1992), which have a diploid number of chromosomes of 40.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These agents inhibit mitosis during metaphase by interfering with the function of microtubules and lead to the production of polyploid plants. This technique has been intensively used for inducing polyploid cymbidiums (Menninger, 1963;Wimber and Van Cott, 1966;Kim et al, 1997;Wang et al, 2010Wang et al, , 2011Yin et al, 2010;Ji et al, 2011;Xie et al, 2017). Unreduced gamete is an important pathway of generating polyploid plants and is a driving force behind the formation of polyploids in nature (Otto and Whitton, 2000;Hegarty and Hiscock, 2008;Soltis et al, 2009;Dewitte et al, 2011;Mason and Pires, 2015;Kreiner et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unreduced Male Gamete Formation in Cymbidium and Its Use for Developing Sexual Polyploid Cultivars

Zeng

Jun-gao

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Polyploidy plays an important role in crop improvement. Polyploid plants, particularly those produced through unreduced gametes (2n gametes), show increased organ size, improved buffering capacity for deleterious mutations, and enhanced heterozygosity and heterosis. Induced polyploidy has been widely used for improving floriculture crops, however, there are few reported sexual polyploid plants in the floriculture industry. This study evaluated nine cultivars of Cymbidium Swartz and discovered that 2n male gametes occurred in this important orchid. Depending on cultivars, 2n male gamete formation frequencies varied from 0.15 to 4.03%. Interspecific hybrids generally produced more 2n male gametes than traditional cultivars. To generate sexual polyploid plants, seven pairs of crosses were made, which produced five triploid and two tetraploid hybrids. Two triploid hybrids were evaluated for in vitro regeneration and growth characteristics. Compared to the diploid parents, the triploids were more easily regenerated through rhizomes or protocorms, and regenerated plants had improved survival rates after transplanting to the greenhouse. Furthermore, the sexual polyploid plants had more compact growth style, produced fragrant flowers, and demonstrated heterosis in plant growth. Through this study, a reliable protocol for selection of appropriate parents for 2n gamete production, ploidy level evaluation, in vitro culture of polyploid progenies, and development of new polyploid cultivars was established. Our study with Cymbidium suggests that the use of 2n gametes is a viable approach for improving floriculture crops.

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Genetic Stability in Micropropagated Orchids: Assessment by Molecular Markers and Flow Cytometry

Tikendra,

Dey,

Ranjan Sahoo

et al. 2023

Genome Size and Genetic Homogeneity of Regenerated Plants: Methods and Applications

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Orchids occupy a significant position in the international floricultural market because of their spectacularly beautiful flowers with varied sizes, forms, patterns, and colorations. Apart from their high ornamental values, they are known for therapeutic application in the traditional medicinal system. However, natural orchid resources are quickly depleting because of excessive unregulated commercial collection and mass habitat destruction. Orchid production through conventional propagation methods cannot meet the present demands for these ornamental plants. Micropropagation of orchids through plant tissue culture provides an excellent opportunity to propagate true-to-type quality plants on a large scale rapidly. However, somaclonal variation may appear in the in vitro clones producing undesired plants with phenotypic and molecular defects. It is obligatory to test the genetic integrity of the propagated plants to ensure the production of identical quality orchids. Genetic stable orchids are produced by evaluating the fidelity of the regenerants using molecular markers. The present chapter highlights the genetic stability assessment of several micropropagated orchids using molecular markers and the flow cytometry method.

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Creation and micropropagation of polyploids in Cymbidium hybridum

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Changes in Morphological Characteristics, Regeneration Ability, and Polysaccharide Content in Tetraploid Dendrobium officinale

Unreduced Male Gamete Formation in Cymbidium and Its Use for Developing Sexual Polyploid Cultivars

Genetic Stability in Micropropagated Orchids: Assessment by Molecular Markers and Flow Cytometry

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