Creating the Ideology of Al Qaeda: From Hypocrites to Salafi-Jihadists

Hellmich, Christina

doi:10.1080/10576100701812852

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…There is significant difference in how Salafists apply their religious philosophy to politics (Hellmich, 2008). Maher (2016) has proposed three sub-groups: quietists, activistschallengers and violent rejectionists; only the latter advocate conflict as a tactic.…”

Section: The Messagementioning

confidence: 99%

The reception of broadcast terrorism: recruitment and radicalisation

Jones

2017

International Review of Psychiatry

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The declaration of a caliphate by Islamic State in June 2014 witnessed the recruitment of increasing numbers of foreign terrorist fighters drawn from a diverse range of nations across the globe. This paper seeks to explore the appeal of extreme groups and how recruiters persuade young people to risk either their lives or lengthy terms of imprisonment. The processes of radicalization and recruitment are differentiated and compared with conventional means of encouraging individuals to enlist in state-sanctioned armed forces. The reasons why people join terrorist organizations are influenced by their education, formative experiences, and social or familial connections, whilst these variables, in turn, have an impact on the roles that they then undertake. Whether personality traits explain an over-representation of engineers and doctors amongst leaders of particular extremist groups remains a moot question. The increasing use of the internet and social media as instruments to propagate extremist philosophies may, in part, be responsible for the recent rise in sole actors. The need to involve respected and influential Muslim leaders and organizations is crucial in providing a counter-balance to the message of righteous adventure and belonging promoted by Islamic State.

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Section: The Messagementioning

confidence: 99%

The reception of broadcast terrorism: recruitment and radicalisation

Jones

2017

International Review of Psychiatry

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“…These structures underpin Jihadi, Al Qaeda, and Islamic State philosophy, and heavily influenced Awlaki (Meleagrou‐Hitchens, ). Salafism is a fundamentalist strand of Islam, espousing a literal following of the Qu'ran and Sunna (Bowen, ; de Koning, ; Hellmich, ; Sageman, ). Wiktorowicz (, p. 208) identifies three strands of Salafism—“purists, politicos, and jihadists”—only one of which supports violence; however, a strictly gendered ideology is common to all.…”

Section: Gender Structures Gender Interruptingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Case of Roshonara Choudhry: Implications for Theory on Online Radicalization, ISIS Women, and the Gendered Jihad

Pearson

2015

Policy &Amp; Internet

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As dozens of British women and girls travel to join Islamic State in Syria and Iraq, there are increasing concerns over female radicalization online. These fears are heightened by the case of Roshonara Choudhry, the first and only British woman convicted of a violent Islamist attack. The university student in 2010 stabbed her Member of Parliament, after watching YouTube videos of the radical cleric Anwar Al Awlaki. Current radicalization theories portray Choudhry as a "pure lone wolf," a victim of Internet indoctrination, without agency. This article explores how gender factors in her radicalization, to present an alternative to existing theoretical explanations. An engagement with gender reveals its role in Choudhry's radicalization, first, in precluding her from a real-world engagement with Islamism on her terms, pushing her to the Internet; then in increasing her susceptibility to online extremist messages; finally, in fomenting an eventually intolerable dissonance between her online and multiple "real" gendered identities, resulting in violence. The article emphasizes the transgressive nature of this act of female violence in Salafi-Jihadi ideology; also, the importance of this gendered ideology as the foundation of ISIS recruitment online. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the operation of gender in the Jihad's production of violence, and roles for men and women alike.

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“…Hellmich further argues that the academic scholarship is restricted due to oversimplification of Islamic thought. In the process of oversimplification of the complexities of Islam, the issues of Islam and Muslims are misunderstood and misrepresented (Hellmich, 2008). His contention is that in neo-Orientalism, the local and specific regional movements of Muslims are all squashed in trying to explain them in one homogeneous discourse of Islamist terrorism.…”

Section: Orientalism and Neo-orientalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pakistani Women as Objects of “Fear” and “Othering”

Rahman

2014

Sage Open

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The study uses Said's concept of Orientalism and van Dijks concept of socio-cognitive processes to analyze the framing of Pakistani Muslim women in the newsmagazine Time from 1998-2002. A critical discourse analysis of the selected articles of the magazine follows Fairclough's and van Dijk's guidelines. It uncovers how in a particular socio-political context, stereotyped images of Pakistani Muslim women were framed to project "superior American" ideals of "tolerance" and "democracy," as against the "intolerant," "undemocratic" values of Muslim as "others." It also argues how in the process of "othering" Pakistan and particularly its youth are framed as intolerant, and source of fear.

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Creating the Ideology of Al Qaeda: From Hypocrites to Salafi-Jihadists

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

The reception of broadcast terrorism: recruitment and radicalisation

The reception of broadcast terrorism: recruitment and radicalisation

The Case of Roshonara Choudhry: Implications for Theory on Online Radicalization, ISIS Women, and the Gendered Jihad

Pakistani Women as Objects of “Fear” and “Othering”

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