Creating and Validating Emergency Management Services by Social Simulation and Semantic Web Technologies

Identifying First Responders Information Needs

“…Few studies provided information items that are needed by first responders for fire emergency management (Azcona, 2014;Bitencourt, Durão, & Mendonça, 2015;Brewster, 2014;Chen, Sharman, Rao et al, 2013;D.G. Holmberg, 2006;Holborn, Nolan, & Golt, 2004;Jones et al, 2005;Martin, 1997;Li, Yang et al, 2014;Liang & Gao, 2010;Groner, 2012;Poveda, Serrano, & Garijo, 2015;Lili Yang, Prasanna, & King, 2009). However, there were no lists or overviews provided of the particular needs of first responders during search and rescue in an indoor fire.…”

“…In addition, only few studies in the literature focused on locating both first responders as well as trapped victims at the building fire emergency scene Yoon, 2016). Some other studies listed in their work that the information needs of first responders are occupants' identity information Chen et al, 2007;Holmberg, 2006;Martin, 1997;Li, Yang et al, 2014;Groner, 2012;Poveda et al, 2015;Zhang, 2011). Few other researchers pointed out that the information items related to hazardous goods is necessary during a search and rescue operation (Brewster, 2014;Chen et al, 2007;Holmberg, 2006;Li, Yang et al, 2014;Poveda et al, 2015).…”

“…Some researchers mentioned that information related to the building infrastructure is the most needed information item to have for fire emergency response (Azcona, 2014;Barros, Kislansky, Salvador, Almeida, Breyer, & Gasparin, 2015;Bitencourt et al, 2015;Brewster, 2014;Chen et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2013;Holmberg, 2006;Holborn et al, 2004;Jones et al, 2005;Li, Yang, et al, 2014;Groner, 2012;Poveda et al, 2015;Zhang, 2011).…”

“…Few researchers indicated that fire related information is also a needed information item by first responders (Azcona, 2014;Bitencourt et al, 2015;Brewster, 2014;Chen et al, 2007;Jones et al, 2005;L. Martin, 1997;Li, Yang et al, 2014;Groner, 2012;Poveda et al, 2015;Zhang, 2011).…”

“…Holmberg, 2006;Jones et al, 2005). In addition, trapped victims' medical information is also needed by first responders while performing search and rescue and is suggested in (Poveda et al, 2015) and trapped victims' location and presence information item was listed in (Li, Yang, et al, 2014).…”