Creating a validity argument for the "KU-Sense of Belonging Test" for exchange graduate students

Abstract

What kinds of validity evidence can the University of Kansas Sense of Belonging Test (KU-SBT) provide? Through the operationalization of a construct, this study intends to build an initial validity argument for the KU-SBT to determine exchange graduate students' manifestations of internal and external sense of belonging, which may play a role in their academic performance and motivation. While existing instruments have examined students' perceptions of social dynamics, the KU-SBT goes beyond by not only capturing students' perceptions but also assessing their tangible, performative behaviors in a more technologically-oriented educational era. To accomplish this objective, this paper addresses foundational elements essential for initiating a test validity argument. These include establishing a theoretical framework, developing a construct, formulating test interpretation claims, creating a table of specifications, and constructing a pool of items. To conclude, the author describes the future steps needed to ensure the robustness of the KUSBT at the measurement level. These steps encompass piloting sessions, internal reliability tests, factor analyses, and other measures aimed at refining and strengthening the validity and reliability of the test.