Creatine-dextrose and protein-dextrose induce similar strength gains during training

Tarnopolsky, Mark A.; Parise, Gianni; Yardley, Nicholas J.; Ballantyne, C; Olatinji, S; Phillips, Stuart M.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200112000-00011

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Following a 28-day washout period, which is sufficient for muscle PCr concentration to return to basal level (24,39), subjects crossed over to consume the alternate supplement for 10 days. Four-day diet records were acquired from all subjects during the last 4 days of both treatments and were analyzed for daily total calorie and macronutrient composition using Nutritionist V (First Data Bank, San Bruno, CA) (86). FFM and body fat percentage were determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (QDR-1000W; Hologic, Waltham, MA) as previously described (86).…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four-day diet records were acquired from all subjects during the last 4 days of both treatments and were analyzed for daily total calorie and macronutrient composition using Nutritionist V (First Data Bank, San Bruno, CA) (86). FFM and body fat percentage were determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (QDR-1000W; Hologic, Waltham, MA) as previously described (86). Total body water was measured using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA-101A; RJL Systems, Mt.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracts were analyzed for TCr using a fluorometric enzymatic method described previously by our group (86). The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 3.7% for TCr.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OCT-embedded biopsy samples were serially sectioned (7-m thick) and were stained for myosin ATPase activity as previously described (86). A total of 150 -500 fibers were available for analysis from each subject.…”

Section: Histochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

Safdar

Yardley

Snow

et al. 2008

Physiological Genomics

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123

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Safdar A, Yardley NJ, Snow R, Melov S, Tarnopolsky MA. Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation. Physiol Genomics 32: 219-228, 2008. First published October 23, 2007 doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00157.2007.-Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation has been shown to increase fat-free mass and muscle power output possibly via cell swelling. Little is known about the cellular response to CrM. We investigated the effect of short-term CrM supplementation on global and targeted mRNA expression and protein content in human skeletal muscle. In a randomized, placebocontrolled, crossover, double-blind design, 12 young, healthy, nonobese men were supplemented with either a placebo (PL) or CrM (loading phase, 20 g/day ϫ 3 days; maintenance phase, 5 g/day ϫ 7 days) for 10 days. Following a 28-day washout period, subjects were put on the alternate supplementation for 10 days. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained and were assessed for mRNA expression (cDNA microarrays ϩ real-time PCR) and protein content (Kinetworks KPKS 1.0 Protein Kinase screen). CrM supplementation significantly increased fat-free mass, total body water, and body weight of the participants (P Ͻ 0.05). Also, CrM supplementation significantly upregulated (1.3-to 5.0-fold) the mRNA content of genes and protein content of kinases involved in osmosensing and signal transduction, cytoskeleton remodeling, protein and glycogen synthesis regulation, satellite cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA replication and repair, RNA transcription control, and cell survival. We are the first to report this large-scale gene expression in the skeletal muscle with short-term CrM supplementation, a response that suggests changes in cellular osmolarity. ergogenic aid; osmosensing; cell signaling; cDNA microarray; realtime PCR CREATINE MONOHYDRATE (CrM) supplementation has a number of biochemical and physiological effects and enhances muscle performance in humans (89). Intracellular phosphocreatine (PCr) functions as an energy buffer to prevent ATP depletion in the skeletal muscle, especially during short-duration repetitive high-intensity exercise bouts (22,43,75,89). Following the intake of 20 g CrM/day for 4 -7 days (2, 29, 33) or 3 g CrM/day for 4 -12 wk (4,46,91,94), skeletal muscle total creatine and PCr increase by 10 -20%. Short-term CrM supplementation increases muscle force and/or power (2,3,7,8,10,18,29,59,96), whereas chronic CrM supplementation in conjunction with weight training increases maximal muscle strength and power, fat-free mass (FFM), muscle fiber size, total body water, and total body weight (47, 91, 94) compared with placebo. The increase in FFM and total body weight is partly due to fluid retention in myocytes caused by the osmotic potential of high intracellular CrM abundance (45,47,60). Whether the aforementioned phenotypic effects are due to energy buffering, physiochemical attributes of the compound, cell volume regulation, ...

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Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracts were analyzed for TCr using a fluorometric enzymatic method described previously by our group (86). The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 3.7% for TCr.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Histochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

Safdar

Yardley

Snow

et al. 2008

Physiological Genomics

Self Cite

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Relatively small amounts of creatine are found in meat and fish and therefore supplementation provides a cost effective and simple means of increasing creatine availability without excessive fat, protein or calorific intake. Tarnopolsky et al compared 10 g creatine monohydrate and 50 g CHO against 10 g casein protein and 50 g CHO and reported that the creatine group reported a greater increase in fat free mass compared to the protein group [43]. The implications of this suggest that in sports where body weight is unimportant, creatine is a superior supplement than casein protein when combined with CHO to enhance hypertrophy.…”

Section: Creatinementioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Training Supplements and their Potential Benefit

Hayes

Baker

Bickerstaff

et al. 2013

J Sports Med Doping Stud

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Resistance Exercise (RE) is a widely practiced activity both in leisure time and in training periods for competitive athletes. Recent advanced in molecular biology and muscle physiology has elucidated some of the mechanisms that regulate muscle growth. As a result of these biochemical advances, an increased number of supplements claiming to enhance adaptations to Resistance exercise have become available. Essentially, the aim of these supplements is to influence protein synthesis and therefore gradual protein accretion leading to increased muscle size and strength. The aim of this review is to discuss the most commonly consumed supplements associated with RE and make recommendations with regards to timing, volume and combinations of supplementations.

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Nutritional Supplements

Barceloux

2012

Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse

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Creatine-dextrose and protein-dextrose induce similar strength gains during training

Abstract: We concluded that postexercise supplementation with PRO-CHO resulted in similar increases in strength after a resistance exercise training program as compared with CR-CHO. However, the greater gains in total mass for the CR-CHO group may have implications for sport-specific performance.

Cited by 63 publications

References 32 publications

Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

Resistance Training Supplements and their Potential Benefit

Nutritional Supplements

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