Craving for Alcohol, Loss of Control, and Relapse: A Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis

Marlatt, G. Alan

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2874-2_11

Cited by 257 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Alcohol expectancies appear to be linked to relapse after alcoholism treatment (Brown, 1985;Marlatt, 1978). The relationship of expectancies to drinking has been widely supported in a variety of adolescent samples (Smith et al, 1995;Christiansen, Goldman, & Inn, 1982;Christiansen & Goldman, 1983;Webb et al, 1993).…”

Section: Alcohol Effect Expectancies; Delinquentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Validity and Reliability of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire-Adolescent, Brief

Stein¹,

Katz²,

Colby³

et al. 2007

Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate a brief version of the Alcohol Expectancy QuestionnaireAdolescent (AEQ-A; Brown, Christiansen, & Goldman, 1987 Expectancies have been implicated in the initiation and maintenance of drinking (Goldman et al., 1991). In expectancy theory, thoughts affect behavior and consequences related to drug use; these thoughts or expectancies are learned (directly or indirectly through others), and are linked to memories; and as a result, expectancies can affect behavior voluntarily and involuntarily (Brown, 1993). One method clinicians may utilize to reduce drinking behavior is to alter alcohol effect expectancies.Numerous studies have found that the more expectancies endorsed by an individual, the greater the amount of reported alcohol use (Greenbaum, Brown, & Friedman, 1995). Alcohol expectancies appear to be linked to relapse after alcoholism treatment (Brown, 1985;Marlatt, 1978). The relationship of expectancies to drinking has been widely supported in a variety of adolescent samples (Smith et al., 1995;Christiansen, Goldman, & Inn, 1982;Christiansen & Goldman, 1983;Webb et al., 1993). Among youth with serious emotional disorders, adolescents with Conduct Disorder seem to have the highest risk for drinking (Boyle & Offord, 1991). The drinking behavior of these high-risk adolescents appears to be the same with regard to expectancies: The greater the expectancy, the greater the consumption of alcohol .There is an assortment of instruments that can be used to measure alcohol effect expectancies; however, none of them appear to increase prediction of drinking beyond results obtained by using the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire-Adolescent (AEQ-A; Greenbaum et al., 1995). The AEQ-A is 90 items long. A short form exists (AEQ-SF; Rather, 1990), which consists of the 17-item Subscale 2 (enhanced social facilitation) and the 10-item Subscale 3 (enhanced cognitive and motor skills). However, the AEQ-SF has the disadvantage of not tapping the additional five constructs of the AEQ-A (Global positive changes, sexual enhancement, cognitive and motor impairment, increased arousal, and relaxation and tension reduction), and it is still 27 items long. Clinicians working in fast-paced environments with few resources may be interested in a very brief but useful alcohol expectancy tool during short-term clinical interventions.The purpose of this study is to describe the psychometric characteristics of a brief version of the AEQ-A. Starting with the AEQ-A was ideal since this parent instrument has been shown to be valid for use with delinquent adolescents (Brown, Christiansen, & Goldman, 1987). Many adolescents in substance abuse treatment settings also exhibit antisocial behaviors (Grella et al., 2001). The literature indicates that expectancies are useful factors to target during treatment (Brown, 1993;Brown et al., 1998). The AEQ-AB is meant to be a brief measure used by clinicians to address and challenge adolescent alcohol effect expectancies during brief interventions. We will describe ...

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Section: Alcohol Effect Expectancies; Delinquentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Validity and Reliability of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire-Adolescent, Brief

Stein¹,

Katz²,

Colby³

et al. 2007

Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse

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“…Consumer researchers have employed mental simulation techniques to improve attitudes and facilitate behavioural intentions towards advertised products (Escalas & Luce, 2003, 2004. Clinicians have incorporated mental simulation into cognitive behavioural therapies, IMAGINED CONTACT 189 especially in relapse prevention techniques (Holmes, Lang, & Shah, 2009;Marlatt, 1978;Marlatt & Gordon, 1985) or in phobias to modify or replicate images to reduce an image's emotional power (Wolpe, 1958). Personality psychologists have studied how people's visions of their future selves will guide their actions and self-perceptions (Markus & Nurius, 1986) and neuropsychological studies have shown that imagery employs similar neurological mechanisms as memory, emotion, and motor control (Farah, 1989;Kosslyn, Ganis, & Thompson, 2001).…”

Section: Mental Imagerymentioning

confidence: 98%

From imagery to intention: A dual route model of imagined contact effects

Crisp

Husnu

Meleady

et al. 2010

European Review of Social Psychology

115

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“…Another literature, more directly related to coping, that illustrates how simulation can bring about behavioral objectives is research on cognitive behavior therapy. For example, Marlatt (1978) has reduced recidivism in alcoholics by incorporating systematic simulation into a program of cognitive coping skills: alcoholics are instructed to imagine situations in which they might be tempted to drink and then to rehearse how they can avoid giving in to the temptation. Sherman and Anderson (1987) found that outpatients at a psychiatric clinic were also much less likely to terminate therapy if they imagined staving in therapy and explained why they had stayed.…”

Section: From Problem-solving and Emotional Regulation To Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping and the Simulation of Events

Taylor¹,

Schneider²

1989

Social Cognition

446

283

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In this article we propose a cognitive theory of coping that centers on the mental simulation of past, future, and hypothetical events. We suggest that event simulation serves both problem-solving and emotional regulation functions for ongoing and past stressors through three main attributes: (1 ) simulation increases the perceived validity or truth of the imagined experience, (2) it provides a framework for organizing experience, and (3) it provides a mechanism for mustering particular emotions and arousal. These qualities, in turn, help translate thought into action by increasing the expectancy that the imagined event will occur, by providing plans and by increasing motivation. The article also attempts to integrate mundane planning, fantasy experience, goal seeking, and ruminative thought over past stressors into a single perspective on coping.

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Craving for Alcohol, Loss of Control, and Relapse: A Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis

Cited by 257 publications

References 33 publications

Validity and Reliability of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire-Adolescent, Brief

Validity and Reliability of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire-Adolescent, Brief

From imagery to intention: A dual route model of imagined contact effects

Coping and the Simulation of Events

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