CRASY: Mass- or Electron-Correlated Rotational Alignment Spectroscopy

Abstract

We investigated the association between a U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01 applicant's self-identified race or ethnicity and the probability of receiving an award by using data from the NIH IMPAC II grant database, the Thomson Reuters Web of Science, and other sources. Although proposals with strong priority scores were equally likely to be funded regardless of race, we find that Asians are 4 percentage points and black or African-American applicants are 13 percentage points less likely to receive NIH investigator-initiated research funding compared with whites. After controlling for the applicant's educational background, country of origin, training, previous research awards, publication record, and employer characteristics, we find that black applicants remain 10 percentage points less likely than whites to be awarded NIH research funding. Our results suggest some leverage points for policy intervention.

Rotational constants and structure of para-difluorobenzene determined by femtosecond Raman coherence spectroscopy: A new transient type

“…6-8,13,14,17-20, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In off-resonant four-wave mixing -which is appropriate here, since p-DFB is com-pletely transparent at the 800 nm laser wavelength -the DFWM signal of the gas sample is proportional to the square modulus of its time-dependent third-order susceptibility, [36][37][38] χ (3) (t), which can be written as…”

Attosecond and XUV Physics: Ultrafast Dynamics and Spectroscopy

“…They show how PADs can be completely described in terms of five angular functions, and describe methods that can be used to compute and measure these PADs, including the use of coincident photoelectron-fragment ion detection (leading to molecular frame photoelectron angular distribution (MF-PAD), respectively recoil frame photoelectron angular distribution (RFPAD) measurements), and the use of dynamically aligned or oriented molecular samples [83][84][85][86]). Using HHG and FEL sources and exploiting the short de Broglie wavelength of high-energy photoelectrons, novel methods for time-resolved femtochemistry may become possible that no longer rely on detailed knowledge of the potential energy surfaces of the molecules under investigation, but that allow the extraction of the time-dependent positions of all atoms through a measurement of holographic interferences [70].…”

Efficient nonresonant dipole force on molecules by a tightly focused laser

“…Due to the small magnitudes of induced dipoles, focused beams of high energy nonresonant infrared (IR) pulsed lasers have been used to exert a nonresonant dipole force to a molecule. Some examples include a molecule lens focusing a molecular beam [3][4][5], a molecule prism spatially separating a molecular mixture beam [6], a moving periodic optical potential slowing down or accelerating molecules [7][8][9], and correlated rotational alignment spectroscopy with aligning molecules non-adiabatically [10]. Ideas such as deflection of pre-aligned molecules were also proposed [11,12].…”