Crassulacean acid metabolism in Kalancho� species collected in various climatic zones of Madagascar: a survey by ?13C analysis

Kluge, Manfred; Brulfert, J.; Lipp, J.; Ziegler, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00317586

Cited by 47 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A tight correlation between greater tissue succulence and increased magnitude of CAM has been observed within the Crassulaceae (Teeri et al 1981;Kluge et al 1991Kluge et al , 1993, in the Orchidaceae (Winter et al 1983;Silvera et al 2005), as well as in many other diverse CAM families (Nelson et al 2005;Nelson and Sage 2008). Large cell size leads to a tightly packed chlorenchyma with reduced intercellular air spaces (IAS) and reduced surface area exposure of mesophyll cells to IAS (L mes /area), which likely results in low internal conductance of CO 2 (g i ) and restriction of CO 2 efflux (particularly internal CO 2 leakage during phase III), thereby enhancing CAM carbon economy.…”

Section: Convergence Of Leaf Succulence In Cam Speciesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Studies with limited taxon sampling by d 13 C analysis have been reported for the Crassulaceae (Kalanchoë) (Kluge et al 1991), Sedum and Aeonium (PilonSmits et al 1996), Clusiaceae (Gehrig et al 2003;Gustafson et al 2007), and Orchidaceae (Cymbidium) (Motomura et al 2008). More extensive combined taxon and isotopic sampling has been completed within the Bromeliaceae (Crayn et al 2004) and the Orchidaceae (Silvera et al 2009(Silvera et al , 2010.…”

Section: Taxonomic Distribution Of Cammentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum

Silvera

Neubig

Whitten

et al. 2010

Functional Plant Biol.

193

199

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Abstract. Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialised mode of photosynthesis that improves atmospheric CO 2 assimilation in water-limited terrestrial and epiphytic habitats and in CO 2 -limited aquatic environments. In contrast with C 3 and C 4 plants, CAM plants take up CO 2 from the atmosphere partially or predominantly at night. CAM is taxonomically widespread among vascular plants and is present in many succulent species that occupy semiarid regions, as well as in tropical epiphytes and in some aquatic macrophytes. This water-conserving photosynthetic pathway has evolved multiple times and is found in close to 6% of vascular plant species from at least 35 families. Although many aspects of CAM molecular biology, biochemistry and ecophysiology are well understood, relatively little is known about the evolutionary origins of CAM. This review focuses on five main topics: (1) the permutations and plasticity of CAM, (2) the requirements for CAM evolution, (3) the drivers of CAM evolution, (4) the prevalence and taxonomic distribution of CAM among vascular plants with emphasis on the Orchidaceae and (5) the molecular underpinnings of CAM evolution including circadian clock regulation of gene expression.

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Section: Convergence Of Leaf Succulence In Cam Speciesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Taxonomic Distribution Of Cammentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum

Silvera

Neubig

Whitten

et al. 2010

Functional Plant Biol.

193

199

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“…Plant endemism is higher here than anywhere else in Madagascar [Burgess et al, 2004]. The most dominant plants are succulents (Didiereaceae, Crassulaceae, and Euphorbiaceae) that use the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway [Kluge et al, 1991[Kluge et al, , 1995[Kluge et al, , 2001Winter, 1979]. Additionally, there are patches of endemic or native C4 grasses [Bond et al, 2008;Bosser, 1969].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A glance to the past: subfossils, stable isotopes, seed dispersal, and lemur species loss in Southern Madagascar

Crowley

Godfrey

Irwin

2010

American J Primatol

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The Spiny Thicket Ecoregion (STE) of Southern and southwestern Madagascar was recently home to numerous giant lemurs and other "megafauna," including pygmy hippopotamuses, giant tortoises, elephant birds, and large euplerid carnivores. Following the arrival of humans more than 2,000 years ago, dramatic extinctions occurred. Only one-third of the lemur species which earlier occupied the STE survive today; other taxa suffered even greater losses. We use stable isotope biogeochemistry to reconstruct past diets and habitat preferences of the recently extinct lemurs of the STE. We show that the extinct lemurs occupied a wide range of niches, often distinct from those filled by coeval non-primates. Many of the now-extinct lemurs regularly exploited habitats that were drier than the gallery forests in which the remaining lemurs of this ecoregion are most often protected and studied. Most fed predominantly on C3 plants and some were likely the main dispersers of the large seeds of native C3 trees; others included CAM and/or C4 plants in their diets. These new data suggest that the recent extinctions have likely had significant ecological ramifications for the communities and ecosystems of Southern and southwestern Madagascar.

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“…13 C values because CAM plants are enriched in 13 C relative to C 3 plants (Rundel et al, 1979;Winter, 1979;Winter et al, 1983;Kluge et al, 1991;Zotz and Ziegler, 1997;Crayn et al, 2001Crayn et al, , 2004Zotz, 2004;Silvera et al, 2005), whereas weak CAM species show overlapping d 13 C values with C 3 species and measurable changes in day/night titratable acidity (Silvera et al, 2005). We present data on the prevalence of CAM in the largest family of angiosperms using the regional, highly diversified, and well-described tropical orchid flora of Panama and Costa Rica (Dressler, 1993;Hammel et al, 2003) and evaluate its relationship with climate and its role in the megadiversification of epiphytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism and Epiphytism Linked to Adaptive Radiations in the Orchidaceae

et al. 2009

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Species of the large family Orchidaceae display a spectacular array of adaptations and rapid speciations that are linked to several innovative features, including specialized pollination syndromes, colonization of epiphytic habitats, and the presence of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), a water-conserving photosynthetic pathway. To better understand the role of CAM and epiphytism in the evolutionary expansion of tropical orchids, we sampled leaf carbon isotopic composition of 1,103 species native to Panama and Costa Rica, performed character state reconstruction and phylogenetic trait analysis of CAM and epiphytism, and related strong CAM, present in 10% of species surveyed, to climatic variables and the evolution of epiphytism in tropical regions. Altitude was the most important predictor of photosynthetic pathway when all environmental variables were taken into account, with CAM being most prevalent at low altitudes. By creating integrated orchid trees to reconstruct ancestral character states, we found that C 3 photosynthesis is the ancestral state and that CAM has evolved at least 10 independent times with several reversals. A large CAM radiation event within the Epidendroideae, the most species-rich epiphytic clade of any known plant group, is linked to a Tertiary species radiation that originated 65 million years ago. Our study shows that parallel evolution of CAM is present among subfamilies of orchids, and correlated divergence between photosynthetic pathways and epiphytism can be explained by the prevalence of CAM in low-elevation epiphytes and rapid speciation of high-elevation epiphytes in the Neotropics, contributing to the astounding diversity in the Orchidaceae.Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a taxonomically widespread photosynthetic pathway that has evolved in plants of CO 2 -and water-limited environments, including tropical forest canopies with intermittent or seasonal water availability, hot semiarid regions, and some aquatic environments. The CAM pathway is characterized by the temporal separation of carbon fixation between nocturnal CO 2 fixation by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in the cytosol and daytime decarboxylation of organic acids to release CO 2 that is then refixed by Rubisco in the chloroplast (Ting, 1985). CAM photosynthesis is found in approx-

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Crassulacean acid metabolism in Kalancho� species collected in various climatic zones of Madagascar: a survey by ?13C analysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum

Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum

A glance to the past: subfossils, stable isotopes, seed dispersal, and lemur species loss in Southern Madagascar

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism and Epiphytism Linked to Adaptive Radiations in the Orchidaceae

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