Craniofacial anomalies amongst births at two hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya

Odhiambo, Aloyce; Rotich, Elyne; Chindia, ML; Macigo, FG; Ndavi, M.; Were, Fredrick

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2012.01.009

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Proportionally fewer African females than males receiving surgical care may reflect another cultural difference observed in this study from that found in developed countries. However, results from other African reports have been mixed in the predominance of males or females presenting with oral clefts [13,43] or other congenital anomalies [44-46]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-year experience of more than 35,000 orofacial clefts in Africa

et al. 2015

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BackgroundSurgical correction of orofacial clefts greatly mitigates negative outcomes. However, access to reconstructive surgery is limited in developing countries. The present study reviews epidemiological data from a single charitable organization, Smile Train, with a database of surgical cases from 33 African countries from 2001–2011.MethodsDemographic and clinical patient data were collected from questionnaires completed by the participating surgeons. These data were recorded in Excel, analyzed using SPSS and compared with previously reported data.ResultsQuestionnaires were completed for 36,384 patients by 389 African surgeons. The distribution of clefts was: 34.44% clefts of the lip (CL), 58.87% clefts of the lip and palate (CLP), and 6.69% clefts of the palate only (CP). The male to female ratio was 1.46:1, and the unilateral: bilateral ratio 2.93:1, with left-sided predominance 1.69:1. Associated anomalies were found in 4.18% of patients. The most frequent surgeries included primary lip/nose repairs, unilateral (68.36%) and bilateral (11.84%). There was seasonal variation in the frequency of oral cleft births with the highest in January and lowest by December. The average age at surgery was 9.34 years and increased in countries with lower gross domestic products. The average hospital stay was 4.5 days. The reported complication rate was 1.92%.ConclusionsWith the exception of cleft palates, results follow trends of worldwide epidemiologic reports of 25% CL, 50% CLP, and 25% CP, 2:1 unilateral:bilateral and left:right ratios, and male predominance. Fewer than expected patients, especially females, presented with isolated cleft palates, suggesting that limitations in economic resources and cultural aesthetics of the obvious lip deformity may outweigh functional concerns and access to treatment for females. A fewer than expected associated anomalies suggests either true ethnic variation, or that more severely-affected patients are not presenting for treatment. The epidemiology of orofacial clefting in Africa has been difficult to assess due to the diversity of the continent and the considerable variation among study designs. The large sample size of the data collected provides a basis for further study of the epidemiology of orofacial clefting in Africa.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0328-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-year experience of more than 35,000 orofacial clefts in Africa

et al. 2015

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“…Khan reported a birth prevalence of 1.65/1,000 births in Kenya (6). Odihiambo et al (2012) in a descriptive cross-sectional study at the Kenyatta National Hospital and Pumwani Maternity Hospital done from November 2006 to March 2007 found an incidence of preauricular tags and cleft lip and palate 1.5/1000 births (7). Suleiman et al (2005) reported a prevalence of 0.9 per 1,000 live births of OFC among a group of Sudanese hospital newborns in Khartoum (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Orofacial Clefts in Ethiopia

Eshete

Butali

Deressa

et al. 2017

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Preauricular sinuses are congenital malformations that are uncommon but not rare, with an incidence between 0.1% and 10% of births, depending on the geographical area . They present either sporadically (mainly unilateral) or inherited in an incomplete autosomal dominant pattern with reduced penetrance and variable power of expression .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steatocystoma multiplex associated with bilateral preauricular sinuses

Fernández-Flores

Cuesta²,

García³

et al. 2014

J Cutan Pathol

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Steatocystoma multiplex is characterized by the development of numerous steatocystomas. The condition has occasionally been related to congenital bilateral preauricular sinuses. Herein, we present the third case of such an association, a 34-year-old male who was born with bilateral preauricular sinuses that were surgically repaired. When he was 14 years old, he presented with multiple steatocystomas on his forehead and temples, one of which was biopsied. There was no family history of the condition.

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Craniofacial anomalies amongst births at two hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Ten-year experience of more than 35,000 orofacial clefts in Africa

Ten-year experience of more than 35,000 orofacial clefts in Africa

Descriptive Epidemiology of Orofacial Clefts in Ethiopia

Steatocystoma multiplex associated with bilateral preauricular sinuses

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