Cranial trauma following birth in term infants.

King, Shaunna; Boothroyd, A. E.

doi:10.1259/bjr.71.842.9579191

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Evaluation of the severity of bleeding can be measured by frequent blood pressure monitoring, complete blood counts, platelet counts, and coagulation studies (18). Although not essential for diagnosis ultrasound (49), computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (6,50) can be used for the accurate diagnosis of this condition. Appropriate resuscitation, intensive care management, and adequate quantities of blood and blood products are urgently required to maintain circulation in babies with subgaleal hemorrhage.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Subgaleal Hemorrhage and Its Relationship to Delivery by Vacuum Extraction

Uchil¹,

Arulkumaran²

2003

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey

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Subgaleal hemorrhage is a rare condition of the neonate often associated with instrumental delivery. It is a potentially fatal condition that is often underreported and underdiagnosed. The vacuum extractor is being advocated as the instrument of first choice for assisted vaginal delivery, but appears to be associated with an increased incidence of subgaleal hemorrhage. It is widely believed that the vacuum cup will dislodge before causing serious fetal trauma. Because of the ease of application, vacuum extractors could be used potentially in circumstances in which forceps would not be attempted, allowing an operator of average experience to perform rotational deliveries. The worrisome increase in the incidence of subgaleal hemorrhage associated with vacuum extraction leads to the issuance of warnings from governmental authorities in Canada and the United States. This review discusses the anatomy of this lesion, etiology, clinical presentation, management, and possible prevention.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Subgaleal Hemorrhage and Its Relationship to Delivery by Vacuum Extraction

Uchil¹,

Arulkumaran²

2003

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey

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“…While extra-cranial haematomas and skull fractures have been associated with VE assisted deliveries [3-7], a causal link to neonatal intracranial haemorrhage (intracranial hemorrhages;subarachnoid, subdural, and intracerebral) is less evident [8]. VE is reported to be associated with rare but severe cerebral complications [9], although study limitations have been small sample size and retrospective design [9,10], composite outcomes [11], mixed term and preterm deliveries [12,13], no comparisons of rates of intracranial complications in vacuum extraction and caesarean section (CS) deliveries [9,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum assisted birth and risk for cerebral complications in term newborn infants: a population-based cohort study

Ekéus

Högberg

Norman

2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundFew studies have focused on cerebral complications among newborn infants delivered by vacuum extraction (VE). The aim of this study was to determine the risk for intracranial haemorrhage and/or cerebral dysfunction in newborn infants delivered by VE and to compare this risk with that after cesarean section in labour (CS) and spontaneous vaginal delivery, respectively.MethodsData was obtained from Swedish national registers. In a population-based cohort from 1999 to 2010 including all singleton newborn infants delivered at term after onset of labour by VE (n = 87,150), CS (75,216) or spontaneous vaginal delivery (n = 851,347), we compared the odds for neonatal intracranial haemorrhage, traumatic or non-traumatic, convulsions or encephalopathy. Logistic regressions were used to calculate adjusted (for major risk factors and indication) odds ratios (AOR), using spontaneous vaginal delivery as reference group.ResultsThe rates of traumatic and non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages were 0.8/10,000 and 3.8/1,000. VE deliveries provided 58% and 31.5% of the traumatic and non-traumatic cases, giving a ten-fold risk [AOR 10.05 (4.67-21.65)] and double risk [AOR 2.23 (1.57-3.16)], respectively. High birth weight and short mother were associated with the highest risks. Infants delivered by CS had no increased risk for intracranial hemorrhages. The risks for convulsions or encephalopathy were similar among infants delivered by VE and CS, exceeding the OR after non-assisted spontaneous vaginal delivery by two-to-three times.ConclusionVacuum assisted delivery is associated with increased risk for neonatal intracranial hemorrhages. Although causality could not be established in this observational study, it is important to be aware of the increased risk of intracranial hemorrhages in VE deliveries, particularly in short women and large infants. The results warrant further studies in decision making and conduct of assisted vaginal delivery.

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“…Cephalhaematomas are relatively common, occurring in up to up to 2.5% of live births and are often associated with instrumented deliveries, especially vacuum extraction 5. The swelling is due to sub-periosteal haemorrhage caused by disruption of veins that bridge the diploic space (between the inner and outer tables of the skull) to communicate superficially with the overlying periosteum (pericranium).…”

Section: Birth-related Scalp Swellingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumps, bumps and funny shaped heads

Williams

2008

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice

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Cranial trauma following birth in term infants.

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Neonatal Subgaleal Hemorrhage and Its Relationship to Delivery by Vacuum Extraction

Neonatal Subgaleal Hemorrhage and Its Relationship to Delivery by Vacuum Extraction

Vacuum assisted birth and risk for cerebral complications in term newborn infants: a population-based cohort study

Lumps, bumps and funny shaped heads

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